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固溶和时效温度对TC6钛合金显微组织与力学性能的影响
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中国科学院金属研究所

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Effects of Solution-Treatment and Aging Temperature on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of TC6 Titanium Alloy
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Institute of Metal Research,Chinese Academy of sciences

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    摘要:

    本文研究了不同温度的固溶和时效工艺对TC6钛合金显微组织和性能的影响。结果表明:800~840 oC固溶后,合金由初生α相和亚稳β相组成,两相随着温度升高而长大,合金强度和塑性略有上升;880 oC固溶后,亚稳β相依然保留到室温,然而在拉伸过程中出现应力诱变斜方马氏体α″相,导致了双屈服现象;920~960 oC固溶后,初生α相减少,大量的细针状斜方马氏体α″相在亚稳β相上析出,强度上升塑性下降;当超过β相变点固溶后,主要由粗大针状六方马氏体α¢相组成,强度下降同时拉伸为脆性断裂。对于固溶样品经过不同温度时效处理,主要变化过程是亚稳β相分解为次生α相及其长大的过程,300 oC时效后,相比固溶态强度上升塑性下降,亚稳β相中弥散析出次生α相及少量的ω相;当时效温度升高到400 oC,强度继续上升接近最大值但塑性最差;500 oC时效后,强度最高然而合金元素充分扩散塑性得到提升;550 oC时效后,强度有所下降但塑性明显提升,此时具有较佳的强塑性匹配;600~700 oC时效后,初生α相聚集长大并且含量增加,次生α相在β基体上析出且逐渐长大为层片状,强度下降塑性进一步提升。

    Abstract:

    In this study, effects of solution-treatment and aging temperature on microstructure and mechanical properties of TC6 titanium alloy were investigated. The results show that when specimens were solution-treated at 800~840 oC, primary α and metastable β phases formed and they grew up with increasing temperature, which resulted in the slight increases in strength and ductility. The metastable β phase was also retained after solution-treatment at 880 oC though its stability was weakened, while at this moment double yield phenomenon was observed, which was attributed to stress-induced α″ orthorhombic martensite in the metastable β phase. When specimens were solution-treated at 920~960 oC, the strength increased and the ductility decreased in that primary α phase dissolved and a large amount of fine acicular α″ orthorhombic martensite precipitated from the metastable β phase. The alloy was almost composed of coarse α¢ hexagonal martensite after solution treatment above the β transus, which led to the decrease in strength and the brittle fracture during tensile test. In terms of different aging temperatures for solution-treated specimens (880 oC/1.5 h/WQ), the main microstructural changes were the precipitation of secondary α phase from the metastable β phase and its growth. Compared with solution-treated specimens, the specimens aged at 300 oC exhibited higher strength and lower ductility, and it can be seen that some secondary α phase and ω phase had precipitated from the β matrix. As the aging temperature increased to 400 oC, the maximum strength as well as minimum ductility was obtained. The specimens aged at 500 oC maintained the maximum strength, while the ductility was improved due to the sufficient diffusion of alloying elements. When the specimens were aged at 550 oC, these possessed the optimum balance of strength and ductility. The primary α phase gradually gathered to grow up and the lamellar secondary α phase apparently dispersed in the β matrix after aging at 600~700 oC, which led to the decrease in strength and the increase in ductility.

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雷晓飞,董利民,张志强,胡明,李炎州,杨锐.固溶和时效温度对TC6钛合金显微组织与力学性能的影响[J].稀有金属材料与工程,2020,49(3):1038~1044.[Lei Xiaofei, Dong Limin, Zhang Zhiqiang, Hu Ming, Li Yanzhou, Yang Rui. Effects of Solution-Treatment and Aging Temperature on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of TC6 Titanium Alloy[J]. Rare Metal Materials and Engineering,2020,49(3):1038~1044.]
DOI:10.12442/j. issn.1002-185X.17Ti2019049

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  • 收稿日期:2019-01-10
  • 最后修改日期:2019-07-20
  • 录用日期:2019-07-30
  • 在线发布日期: 2020-04-08
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