2519A aluminum alloys with different Ce contents were investigated with the true stress-strain curves at different temperatures of 293 and 573 K and different nominal strain rates of 1200, 3100 and 5100 s-1 in dynamic impact testing by split Hopkinson pressure bar (SHPB). The microstructures of the impacted samples were observed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) to examine the precipitated phase evolution and the interaction mechanism of heat-resistant phase at adiabatic temperature. The results indicate that the absorbing ability of the alloy with 0.2% Ce is the highest in the alloys with 0% Ce, 0.2% Ce and 0.4% Ce, and the impact resistance is the best. The yield strength reaches 614 MPa at 3100 s-1, 293 K and it decreases at 573 K. With increasing the strain rate, the hardness of different alloys decreases, the volume fraction of θ′ decreases and the growth and coarsening of θ′ become obvious. The transformation of θ′ into θ occurred, and the transformation rate is the slowest for the alloy with 0.2% Ce