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含锗真空炉渣在HCl-CaCl2-H2O体系中浸出锗的动力学研究
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国家自然科学基金(51174240);广东省产学研引导项目(20110908)


Leaching Kinetics of Germanium in Vacuum Slag in HCl-CaCl2-H2O Solution
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    摘要:

    为提高真空炉渣中锗的浸出率提供理论依据,对含锗真空炉渣在HCl-CaCl2-H2O体系中锗的浸出动力学进行了研究。结果表明,浸出过程属于生成固体产物层的“未反应核收缩模型”,其宏观动力学方程为:1–2/3x–(1–x)2/3=4.66×10-3CHCl1.027CCaCl21.046d-0.862exp(–21068/RT)t,表观活化能为21.068 kJ/mol,浸出过程受灰分层扩散控制;提高盐酸的浓度、氯化钙浓度、浸出温度、液固比及减小矿物粒度均可加快锗的浸出速度,提高锗的浸出率。

    Abstract:

    In order to provide a theoretical basis to improve the leaching rate of germanium in vacuum slag, the leaching kinetics of germanium in vacuum slag was investigated in hydrochloric acid-calcium chloride solution. The results show that the leaching process fits the generation of solid products of unreacted-core shrinking model. The kinetics equation is 1–2/3x–(1–x)2/3=4.66×10-3CHCl1.027CCaCl21.046d-0.862exp(–21068/RT)t. The leaching process is controlled by the diffusion of the lixiviant and the activation energy is determined to be 21.068 kJ/mol. The leaching speed and the leaching rate of germanium are increased by increasing the hydrochloric acid concentration, the calcium chloride concentration, the leaching temperature and the liquid-solid ratio and decreasing the particle size of the sample.

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何 静,王小能,刘明海,王继民,唐谟堂,鲁君乐,王 涛,罗 超,郭 瑞,蓝明艳.含锗真空炉渣在HCl-CaCl2-H2O体系中浸出锗的动力学研究[J].稀有金属材料与工程,2013,42(6):1258~1263.[He Jing, Wang Xiaoneng, Liu Minghai, Wang Jimin, Tang Motang, Lu Junle, Wang Tao, Luo Chao, Guo Rui, Lan Mingyan. Leaching Kinetics of Germanium in Vacuum Slag in HCl-CaCl2-H2O Solution[J]. Rare Metal Materials and Engineering,2013,42(6):1258~1263.]
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  • 收稿日期:2012-06-05
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