High-temperature deformation behavior of a new type of Niobium-based superalloy Nb10Zr was investigated by the Gleeble-1500 thermo-mechanical simulator compression test at deformation temperatures of 1273~1373 K and strain rates of 0.01~1 s-1. The Arrhenius constitutive equation with the strain compensation was established based on the experiment data. The relationship between peak stress, strain rate and deformation temperature was also established. Furthermore, the law of activation energy and material constants with the variation of true strain is obtained in consideration of the strain influence. The results show that the constitutive model could accurately predict the deformation behavior at low temperature, but the bad predicting ability occurs with increasing deformation temperature. However, the new improved constitutive model could meet the engineering need in the range of strain rate and deformation temperature in this study and the average relative error of 4.3% is relatively low