Anodic oxidation was applied to produce nanostructured titanium (Ti) surface with different roughness and hydrophilicity. The morphology was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The surface roughness was characterized by atomic force microscopy (AFM), and the hydrophilicity was assessed from the contact angle between the deionized water and sample surface at room temperature. The results showed that surface morphologies changed remarkably with the changing of applied voltage and oxidation time during anodic oxidation. Under optimized oxidation conditions, well-ordered nanotubes were fabricated. Roughness values increased with the oxidation time, ranging from several dozen to several hundred nanometers, while the influence of voltage on surface roughness was not obvious. The water contact angles initially increased with the oxidation time, but then decreased. The variation of surface morphology, roughness and hydrophilicity was correlated to the reactions occured during the anodic oxidation.