The experiments of asymmetric and symmetric hot rolling were carried out to investigate the role of asymmetric hot rolling on microstructure and mechanical properties of titanium alloy by showing metallographic microstructure, mechanical property, fracture morphology and microscopic orientation. The results demonstrate that complex strain path is prior to monotonic strain path for refining grain and improving simultaneously the values of strength and ductility, and the grain size in asymmetric rolled specimen surface is smaller than that in specimen center. Asymmetric hot rolling could refine grain compared with symmetric hot rolling. The values of strength and ductility of asymmetric rolled specimen is higher than that of symmetric rolled specimen, and the values of strength and ductility increase with the development of roll speed ratio. The plastic deformation mechanism of asymmetric rolled specimen may be slip. While, the one of symmetric rolled specimen are twin and slip.