With the coming of the Clean Energy Revolution, using electric energy to power cars instead of gasoline has gradually come into the view of the public. Currently, electric cars employ lithium ion battery, but, limited by its theoretical specific energy, the endurance of these cars is far less than cars with internal combustion engines. Lithium-air battery, different from lithium ion battery, enjoys very high theoretical specific energy and is looking to replace lithium ion battery and becomes the core technology of electric car industry. Therefore, this paper summarizes the latest research and development of lithium-air battery in reaction mechanism, non-aqueous electrolyte, and air electrode, and gets a view of its future development