B2-CuZr phase reinforced amorphous matrix composites usually shows better mechanical properties than those with conventional reinforcing phases due to their unique “transformation induced plasticity” phenomenon. However, the volume fraction, size and distribution of in-situ B2-CuZr phase is difficult to control, and B2-CuZr tends to occur eutectoid decomposition, which limits the widespread application of these materials. The microstructural optimization could be realized via tailoring the casting parameter, the composition and aftertreatment. The present paper will give a review on the microstructural characterization, reinforcing mechanism and microstructural tailoring methods on B2-CuZr phase reinforced amorphous matrix composites.