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Ti60合金VAR熔炼过程熔体流动与宏观偏析的数值模拟研究
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1.西北工业大学材料科学与工程学院;2.西部钛业有限责任公司

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秦创原引用高层次创新创业人才项目资助(项目号QCYRCXM-2022-179)


Numerical simulation of melt convection and macrosegregation in the vacuum arc remelting High-temperature titanium alloy ingot
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1.School of Materials Science and Engineering,Northwestern Polytechnical University,Xi’an;2.Western Titanium Technologies CO,LTD,Xi’an

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    摘要:

    真空自耗电弧熔炼 (Vacuum arc Remelting,VAR) 是生产钛合金铸锭最常用的方式之一,但由于其熔炼过程温度高且不透明,通过实验研究其熔炼过程中流体流动行为和宏观偏析存在困难。基于此,本工作以Ti60高温钛合金为例,通过数值模拟方法对VAR熔炼过程展开研究,同时探讨了熔炼电流和磁场搅拌强度对流体流动行为和宏观偏析的影响。结果表明,VAR熔炼钛合金时,熔池形状由“扁平状”逐渐向“V形”转变;凝固结束后铸锭锭底和边部Zr元素含量低,中心和冒口含量高。熔炼电流产生的洛伦兹力使熔体沿逆时针流动,且熔炼电流越大,熔体流动更剧烈;同时也导致铸锭中心和冒口处出现更为严重的宏观偏析。搅拌磁场产生的洛伦兹力作用于整个熔池,不仅促进了熔池上部熔体的流动,也有利于熔池下部熔体的流动;当无搅拌磁场和搅拌磁场较大时,都会导致Zr元素在铸锭中产生较为严重的宏观偏析。为有效控制VAR熔炼钛合金时宏观偏析缺陷的产生,应采取小熔炼电流和合适的搅拌强度。

    Abstract:

    Vacuum Arc Remelting (VAR) is one of the most commonly used methods for the production of titanium alloy ingots. Due to the high temperature and opacity of the melting process, it is difficult to experimentally study the fluid flow behavior and macrosegregation during the melting process. Based on this, the VAR melting process of Ti60 high-temperature titanium alloy was studied by numerical simulation method. The effects of melting current and magnetic field stirring intensity on fluid flow behavior and macrosegregation were also discussed. The results show that the molten pool shape changes gradually from "flat" to "V-shaped" when VAR melts titanium alloy. At the end of solidification, the content of Zr elements in the bottom and edges of the ingot is low, and the content in the center and shrinkage cavity is high. The Lorentz force generated by the melting current makes the melt flow counterclockwise, and the larger the melting current is, the more intense the melt flow is. At the same time, it also leads to more severe macrosegregation at the ingot center and riser. The Lorentz force generated by the stirring magnetic field is applied to the whole molten pool, which not only promotes the flow of melt in the upper part of the molten pool, but also facilitates the flow of melt in the lower part of the molten pool, and also leads to more serious macrosegregation in the ingot center and shrinkage cavity. When there is no stirring magnetic field and the stirring magnetic field is large, the Zr element will produce more serious macrosegregation in the ingot. In order to effectively control the occurrence of macrosegregation defects in VAR melting titanium alloy, small melting current and appropriate stirring intensity should be adopted.

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戴毅,曹江海,秦羽满,李维,侯智敏,曾卫东. Ti60合金VAR熔炼过程熔体流动与宏观偏析的数值模拟研究[J].稀有金属材料与工程,2024,53(3):701~708.[Dai Yi, Cao Jianghai, Qin Yuman, Li Wei, Hou Zhimin, Zeng Weidong. Numerical simulation of melt convection and macrosegregation in the vacuum arc remelting High-temperature titanium alloy ingot[J]. Rare Metal Materials and Engineering,2024,53(3):701~708.]
DOI:10.12442/j. issn.1002-185X.20230687

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历史
  • 收稿日期:2023-11-03
  • 最后修改日期:2023-11-20
  • 录用日期:2023-11-30
  • 在线发布日期: 2024-03-27
  • 出版日期: 2024-03-20