Directionally solidified superalloys are widely used in industrial gas turbines and other advanced power propulsion system turbine blades and other components due to their excellent high-temperature strength, corrosion and oxidation resistance, good structural stability and casting properties. Directionally solidified superalloys for gas turbines have developed from the first generation to the fourth generation by adjusting the proportions of different solid solution strengthening, precipitation strengthening and grain boundary strengthening elements. Its intragranular structure are mainly composed of γ phase and γ? phase. There are carbides, borides and other precipitated phases at the grain boundaries that can pin in the grain boundaries. Under the joint influence of these strengthening phases, nickel based directionally solidified superalloys have better tensile properties and creep properties that change with temperature. This article combines the current application status of directional solidification superalloys in gas turbines, starts with the composition characteristics and organizational structure characteristics, further analyzes its performance characteristics, and looks forward to future research on directional solidified superalloys.