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化学复合镀Ni-Mo-P/(h)BN镀层的宽温域摩擦学性能研究
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1.沈阳工业大学材料科学与工程学院;2.广东省科学院新材料研究所

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TQ153.2;TH117

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广东省基础与应用基础研究基金,广东省科技计划项目


Tribological Properties of Electroless Ni-Mo-P/(h)BN Composite Coatings in Wide Temperature Range
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    摘要:

    本文在GH4169镍基高温合金表面采用化学复合镀技术制备了Ni-Mo-P镀层和Ni-Mo-P/(h)BN复合镀层,研究了镀层在不同温度下的摩擦学行为以及不同温度摩擦磨损后镀层的微观组织结构。采用球-盘式摩擦磨损试验机研究了镀层在室温、300、500、700℃下的摩擦学性能。通过扫描电镜、能谱仪、X射线衍射仪对不同温度摩擦试验后镀层的化学成分、组织结构进行分析。利用显微硬度计、洛氏压痕仪对不同温度摩擦试验后镀层的力学性能进行表征。结果表明:沉积态Ni-Mo-P镀层和Ni-Mo-P/(h)BN复合镀层以非晶为主,同时包含少量纳米晶结构,镀层表面结构致密。随着摩擦试验温度的增加,镀层逐渐从非晶结构向纳米晶结构转变,镀层结晶度增加;当温度增加至500℃以上时,镀层内析出Ni3P硬质相,同时由于Mo、P元素的氧化挥发导致镀层内出现了孔洞,镀层致密度下降。随温度增加,镀层硬度呈先升高后降低趋势,膜基结合力从HF1级逐渐降低至HF6级。随着试验温度增加,镀层磨粒磨损和氧化现象逐渐加剧,在500℃时磨损率最高;进一步增加温度使得摩擦界面具有较好的润滑效果,Ni-Mo-P镀层平均摩擦系数从1.0降至0.60,Ni-Mo-P/(h)BN复合镀层平均摩擦系数从0.88降至0.53,提高了镀层在高温下的减摩耐磨性能。添加(h)BN颗粒提高了镀层内P含量,使得Ni-Mo-P/(h)BN复合镀层韧性增加,提高了复合镀层的硬度和膜基结合力提高,复合镀层在室温~700℃范围内具有较好的耐磨性能。

    Abstract:

    Ni-Mo-P and Ni-Mo-P/(h)BN composite coatings were prepared on the surface of GH4169 nickel-based high-temperature alloy by chemical composite plating technology. The tribological behaviour of the coatings at different temperatures and the microstructures of the coatings after friction wear at different temperatures were investigated. The tribological properties of the coatings at room temperature, 300℃, 500℃ and 700℃ were investigated by utilising a ball-disc friction and wear test. The chemical composition and organisational structure of the plated layer following the friction test at different temperatures were analysed by scanning electron microscope, energy spectrometer and X-ray diffractometer. The mechanical properties of the coatings were characterised by microhardness tester and Rockwell indentation tester following tribological tests at different temperatures.The results demonstrate that the deposited Ni-Mo-P and Ni-Mo-P/(h)BN composite coatings are predominantly amorphous structure containing small amounts of nancrystalline. The coatings transformed from amorphous to nanocrystalline structure with the increase of the friction test temperature. As the friction test temperature is increased, the plating layer undergoes a transformation from an amorphous to a nanocrystalline structure, accompanied by an increase in crystallinity. At temperatures exceeding 500℃, the The precipitation of the Ni3P hard phase in the plating layer occurs concurrently with the oxidative volatilisation of the Mo and P elements, resulting in the formation of pores within the plating layer and a reduction in its densification. As the temperature increased, the hardness of the plated layer exhibited a fluctuating trend, initially rising and then declining. Concurrently, the bonding strength of the film base exhibited a gradual decline, progressing from an HF1 grade to an HF6 grade. As the test temperature increased, the abrasive wear and oxidation of the plating layer became more pronounced. The highest wear rate was observed at 500℃. However, further increases in temperature resulted in a reduction in friction at the interface, with the average coefficient of friction of the Ni-Mo-P plating layer decreasing from 1 to 0.60. The coefficient of friction of the Ni-Mo-P/(h)BN composite layer was reduced from 0.88 to 0.53, which improved the friction reduction and wear-resistant performance of the plating layer at high temperatures. The incorporation of (h)BN particles into the plating layer enhances the P content, thereby increasing the toughness of the Ni-Mo-P/(h)BN composite plating layer, improving the hardness of the composite plating layer, and strengthening the film-base bonding. Furthermore, the composite plating layer exhibits superior wear resistance within the temperature range of room temperature to 700℃.

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夏雨,韦春贝,林松盛,向青春,石倩.化学复合镀Ni-Mo-P/(h)BN镀层的宽温域摩擦学性能研究[J].稀有金属材料与工程,2024,53(10):2860~2872.[Xia Yu, Wei Chunbei, Lin Songsheng, Xiang Qingchun, Shi Qian. Tribological Properties of Electroless Ni-Mo-P/(h)BN Composite Coatings in Wide Temperature Range[J]. Rare Metal Materials and Engineering,2024,53(10):2860~2872.]
DOI:10.12442/j. issn.1002-185X.20240138

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  • 收稿日期:2024-03-12
  • 最后修改日期:2024-05-21
  • 录用日期:2024-05-22
  • 在线发布日期: 2024-10-17
  • 出版日期: 2024-09-27