GH4141 nickel-based superalloy is a key material for turbine disks, fasteners and engine cases, which is generally fabricated through traditional casting-forging/rolling processes. In this study, the hot working behavior of hot-rolled GH4141 superalloy was studied. The hot deformation behavior of the hot-rolled GH4141 superalloy at deformation temperatures of 1050–1150 °C and strain rates of 0.01–1 s^-1 was studied through Gleeble hot-compression experiments, and the hot deformation constitutive equation of the alloy during the deformation process was constructed. In addition, based on the microstructure evolution analyses under different deformation conditions, the dynamic recrystallization rules during the hot deformation process were clarified. A dynamic recrystallization model of the alloy was constructed and the dynamic recrystallization fraction can be accurately predicted by this model. It is found that the dynamic recrystallization fractions are increased with the increase in the deformation temperature, the decrease in strain rate, or the increases in amount of deformation. From the viewpoints of degrees of dynamic recrystallization, the optimal deformation parameters are determined as deformation temperature at 1150 °C and the strain rate of 0.01–0.1 s^-1.