As service conditions become more challenging and fabrication complexity increases, there is an increasing demand for enhanced comprehensive performance of ceramic/metal heterostructures. At present, brazing technology has been widely utilized for ceramic-metal heterogeneous joints. However, the residual stress relief in these welding joints is complicated and necessary. Because metals and ceramics have different properties, especially in their coefficients of thermal expansion (CTE). Welding joints exhibit large residual stresses during the cooling process. The relatively high residual stresses may significantly degrade the joint properties. For this issue, this paper systematically reviews four alleviation routes: optimization of process parameter, setting an intermediate layer, surface structure modulation, and particle-reinforced composite solder. Eventually, upcoming prospects and challenges of residual stress research on ceramic/metal heterostructures are pointed out..