In this paper, barium acetate and tetrabutyl titanate were used as raw materials, and polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP, Mw=1300000) was used as the viscous agent. The barium titanate nanoparticle with high aspect ratio was prepared by sol-gel method combined with electrospinning technology. XRD results showed that the main phase of BaTiO₃ NFs was cubic phase after calcination at 900 °C. Firstly, this paper investgated the effects of acetic acid-ethanol-deionized water, acetic acid-DMF-deionized water and acetic acid-DMF-acetylacetone on the fibers diameter. The results of SEM showed that when the PVP content was 8.7wt.%, acetic acid-DMF-acetylacetone was the optimized spinning solvent. The BaTiO₃ NFs prepared at this time had a minimum diameter of 200nm and an aspect ratio of 100:1. On the basis of the orthogonal test method, the influence of the spinning parameters such as the distance from the needle to the receiver, the flow rate and the spinning voltage on the aspect ratio of BaTiO₃ NFs was investigated. It was found that the distance from the needle to the receiver was 21cm, flow rate of 0.5mL/h and spinning voltage of 21kV were optimized spinning parameters. The prepared BaTiO₃ NFs have a uniform morphology, diameter of 200nm and aspect ratio ratio of 125:1.