TiAl-based alloys are emerging as potential light-weight, high-temperature structural materials and possess wide capacities of engineering applications in aeronautics, space and automobile industries because of their low density, high specific strength and specific modulus, good oxidation-resistance and creep-resistance, and excellent fatigue properties. The paper will focus on the melting and investment casting technology of TiAl-based alloys. Some applications of TiAl components are summarized and some shortcomings and challenges for the investment casting of TiAl-based alloys are also proposed