The Pd/γ-Al2O3 catalyst was prepared by a dipping method. The catalyst was characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and temperature programmed reduction (TPR). The catalytic properties of the Pd/γ-Al2O3 catalyst for the hydrogen-deuterium exchange of methane were tested with a fixed-bed micro-reactor. The results indicate that the Pd atoms are in the support interior of the Pd/γ-Al2O3 catalyst and the strong interaction between Pd and the support on the Pd/γ-Al2O3 catalyst occurs. The Pd/γ-Al2O3 catalyst possesses high catalytic activity in the hydrogen-deuterium exchange of methane.