The effects of particle size of precursor powder on microstructure and superconducting of Bi-2223 tape were investigated. Three kinds of precursor powders with different particle size (8μm, 2μm, <1μm) were prepared by spray pyrolysis method via adjusting the concentration of metal nitrates solution and ball milling. All powders were composed of Bi-2212, (Sr,Ca)_xCu_yO_d (AEC) and CuO phase after heat treatment. It was showed that AEC phase dimension and content increased with decreasing of particle size of precursor powders. However, the powder with average particle size of 2um had the minimal dimension and content of CuO phase. For 37-filaments Bi-2223 tapes fabricated by three kinds of precursor powders, the highest critical current (I_c) was achieved for powder with average particle size of 2um, which had highest (Bi,Pb)₃Sr₂Ca₂CuO_x(Pb-3221) and lowest AEC phase compared to other tapes. The results showed that particle size of precursor powders mainly affected dimension and content of AEC and CuO phase, which further caused difference of I_c and non-superconducting phases in Bi-2223 tape.