Aiming at the shortage of complex equipment, large volume and high energy consumption in space capsule manufacturing, a novel Joule heat of sliding pressure fuse additive manufacturing technology with reduced volume and energy consumption has been proposed. But the unreasonable process parameters will lead to the poor consistency of single-channel multilayer forming quality in Joule heat additive manufacturing technology, and it is difficult to reach the condition of forming thin-walled parts. In this paper, an orthogonal experiment was designed to fabricate single multilayer samples with varying numbers of layers, followed by an evaluation of their forming quality. The influence of printing current, forming speed and contact pressure on the forming quality of the single multilayer was analyzed. The optimal process parameters were obtained and the quality characterization of the experimental results was carried out. The results show that the printing current has the most significant influence on the forming quality of single multilayer. Under the optimal process parameters, the forming section is fused well and the surface is continuously smooth. The surface roughness of single 3-layer is 0.16um, and the average Vickers hardness of cross section fusion zone is 317HV, which lays a foundation for the subsequent use of Joule thermal additive manufacturing technology to form thin-wall parts.