The TiAl alloy is considered a promising material for aerospace and other high temperature applications due to its low density, high strength and excellent creep resistance. However, its application is currently limited by its poor oxidation resistance above 750 °C. In this paper, the classification, development, and high temperature oxidation behavior of TiAl alloys are reviewed. The formation mechanism and structural evolution of oxide films are discussed. The research progress of the preparation processing, bulk alloying, reinforcing phase and surface modification technologies aimed at improving the high temperature oxidation resistance of TiAl alloys since the 21 st century are summarized. Furthermore, the application of theoretical calculation in oxidation process is discussed and the development trend of this field is prospected.