Different temperature annealing treatments were conducted on a laser powder bed melted FGH4096M nickel-based superalloy. The microstructure of the alloy was analyzed using SEM and EBSD, while tensile tests were performed to investigate the impact of the annealing process on the microstructural evolution and mechanical properties of the laser powder bed melted FGH4096M superalloy. The results revealed that as the annealing temperature increased, dendritic and columnar crystals gradually disappeared in the formed alloy, with a significant precipitation of γ" phase observed at an annealing temperature of 900℃. Additionally, there was a gradual increase in hardness value, along with an upward trend in both tensile strength and yield strength; however, fracture elongation rate remained low at only 5%. Analysis of grain orientation difference distribution indicated that annealing could partially eliminate residual stress. These research findings provide valuable data support for enhancing the performance of laser powder bed melted nickel-based superalloys.