Interaction of the deuterium ion beam and the drive-in titanium target was studied by measuring the neutron yield as a function of bombarding time with the associated particles method in ZF-300 neutron generation. X-ray diffraction for phase analyses and scanning electron microscopy for the surface morphology were used to characterize the targets. During the bombarding period with deuterium ion beam, the neutron yield increases gradually with deuterium ion beam implantment at first, and then it decreases slowly. There is no obvious melting crater on the surface of the titanium targets bombarded with deuterium ion beam. With the increase of deuterium ion beam intensity, the transverse polishing marks of the titanium targets disappear gradually. The phase of the drive-in titanium target is not changed in the experiment conditions. The prominent physical mechanism of the deuterium ion beam and the drive-in titanium target interaction was discussed based on the numerical simulation of the beam and the solid interaction.