Using self-developed thermal contact conductance testing equipment with compensation heater, the thermal contact conductance of aero engine high-temperature structure material GH4169/K417 with different temperatures(160 ~ 280 °C) and roughness were tested, the influence behavior of the temperature on the thermal contact conductance was studied, and the thermal contact conductance test results under the condition with and without compensation heater were comparatively anglicized. Results show that the thermal contact conductance testing equipment with compensation heater can effectively reduce the lateral heat loss, and gradually with the rise of temperature effect is obvious. To different roughness of GH4169/K417 material combination, influence of temperature on the thermal contact conductance is different, which is mainly related to the deformation and oxidation between the relevant materials interface