The microstructure and texture evolution in the hot-deformed Mg-8Li-5Zn-2Re alloy were investigated by optical micrography, SEM and X-ray diffraction. In the hot-extruded Mg-8Li-5Zn-2Re alloy, α phase is elongated approximately parallel to the extruding direction and exhibits a deformed structure. During hot compression, α phase is transformed to β phase with increasing of temperature. At the stage of hot extrusion, {001} <110> and {110} <110> textures of β phase are exhibited, while {0001} <100> texture in α phase is detected due to basal slip. As a result of the frequent changes of compression condition, grain orientation distribution changes obviously. The evolution of deformation texture was analyzed using the XRD analysis in the hot compression test under different deformation temperatures and strain rates.