Abstract: Nanoscale WC-Co composite powders were synthesized by in situ reduction and carbonization reactions at different temperatures and subsequent consolidated in the spark plasma sintering (SPS) system, the nanocrystalline WC-Co cemented carbide bulk materials were obtained. Systematic tests and analyses show that the cemented carbides consolidated from the powders synthesized at low temperature has obvious orientation distribution of WC characteristic planes. The area fraction of the (0001) plane vertical to the sintering pressure direction occupies up to 40%, but only 10.72% parallel to the sintering pressure direction. In contrast, the cemented carbide bulk materials consolidated from the powders synthesized at higher temperatures do not exhibit the orientational distribution of characteristic planes.