Porous one-dimensional nanobelts of vanadium nitride (VN) with homogenous size were prepared by a hydrothermal method combined with subsequent nitriding treatment for anode materials of lithium ion battery. The samples were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) as well as X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Results show that the specific capacitance of the VN nanobelts can reach 374 mAh/g for the first time of charge/discharge under the current density of 40 mA/g. The coulomb efficiency is above 97% after stabilization of four cycles and the capacitance can keep 250 mAh/g after 100 cycles.