The deformation behavior of Ti-1300 alloy has been investigated using optical microscope (OM) and transmission electron microscope (TEM) at ambient temperature. The results show that the tensile stress-strain curves of Ti-1300 alloys solution treated at different temperatures don’t present a double yield effect. The Ti-1300 alloy contains a great deal of β stable elements, thus increasing the stability of β phase of this alloy for restraining stress/strain induced transformation. Therefore, the deformation mechanism of Ti-1300 alloy is mainly dislocation slip and twinning at room temperature. With the increase of the plastic deformation of 10%, the micro-hardness of Ti-1300 alloy increases by about 210 MPa. It can be attributed to the dislocation glide, dislocation tangles and their interaction in the plastic deformation process of Ti-1300 alloys