To determine the damage and life distribution of Tc4 material used in aero-engine blades under different stress ratio, axial tension and compression fatigue test is conducted. Nonlinear damage evolution equation is put forward for Tc4 material based on Chaboche nonlinear damage model and the fourth strength theory. Computation results are compared with W?hler curve and BP neural network model. According to the simulation and calculation results of the flow field of compressor blades in the maximum continuous working condition, the stress-time history for blades is calculated. From the viewpoint of energy dissipation, the residual strength model of Tc4 material is described based on stress strength interference. Combined with Poisson stochastic process, reliability prediction of the aero-engine’s compressor blades at maximum continuous working condition is accomplished.