This work has developed a low-cost method to render 5A02 Al alloy substrate superior anti-corrosion property with the acid etching, passivation treatment and fluoroalkyl-silane modification. The micro-nano structures were constructed with the micro-scale porous terraces and nano-scale flocculent layer by optimizing the hydrochloric acid etching and potassium permanganate passivation conditions. After the fluoroalkyl-silane modification of the fabricated aluminum surface, a superhydrophobic surface was attained with a water contact angle of 156.1°and a contact angle hysteresis of 1.5°. Meanwhile, the electrochemical tests showed that the fabricated micro- and nano-scale hierarchical structures could inhibit the anode and cathode reaction of the electrochemical corrosion and impede the contact between the substrate and the corrosion medium. As a result, the anti-corrosion property of the fabricated surface was finally improved, which can broaden the application fields of aluminum with important engineering significance.