As an important part of polymer derived ceramics, polysiloxane derived silicon oxycarbide (SiOC) ceramics have been paid much attention due to the high performance-to-cost ratio. The research on fiber reinforced SiOC composites was a milestone to promote the development of polysiloxane derived SiOC ceramics. The fiber reinforced SiOC composites have made great progress for many years and show wide application prospect. In this paper, the current status of fiber reinforced polysiloxane derived SiOC composites was reviewed from the viewpoint of different fiber reinforcement. And then, the development proposals and key problems needed to be solved were offered for the high-temperature structural applications and function expansion.