The welded joint of industrial pure zirconium (R60702) was treated by surface high energy shot peening (HESP). The microstructure, surface grain size, micro distortion, gradient structure and crystal orientation were characterized by optical microscope (OM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and electron back scattered diffraction (EBSD). A surface roughness measuring instrument was used to measure and evaluate the surface roughness, and an electrochemical workstation was used to study the corrosion resistance of R60702 welded joints. The results showed that after HESP treatment, a gradient structure was formed on the surface layer of the industrial pure zirconium welded joints with a thickness of about 110 μm, and the grains of top layer reached the nanometer level; In the process of surface nanocrystallization, twins and dislocation slip were the main deformation methods; After HESP treatment, the self-corrosion potential of R60702 welded joints was positively shifted, and the corrosion current density was reduced; HESP treatment made the surface structure of the three areas of the welded joints uniform, and the self-corrosion potential tended to be uniform, which effectively inhibited galvanic corrosio.