Aluminum alloy materials have the advantages of low density, high specific strength, good corrosion resistance, etc., which are currently a hot spot especially in industrial research. In this paper, an Al-7.51Zn-2.37Mg-1.72Cu drill pipe material suitable for the oil and gas industry is designed for the 7xxx series aluminum alloy. The effect of aging treatment on the mechanical properties and thermal stability of aluminum alloy drill pipe materials was studied through age hardening behavior, mechanical performance evaluation and microstructure characterization. The results show that the optimal aging time of Al-7.51Zn-2.37Mg-1.72Cu is 24h when the aging temperature is 120℃. The tensile strength, yield strength and elongation (R_m, R_0.2 and A) of the quenched state changes from 693MPa, 566MPa and 15% to 720MPa, 692MPa and 14%, respectively. After 500 hours of heat exposure at 200℃, R_m and R_0.2 are reduced by 55.6% and 67.3% compared with the aging state, and the elongation is increased by 15.8% on average. This is mainly because the GP zone in the alloy matrix and some of the small and poorly stable η" phases begin to re-dissolve, and the larger and more stable η phase will transform into η" phase. At the same time, the existing η phases in the matrix converge into large mass points.