The pure titanium prepared by selective laser melting (SLM) was modified by equal channel angular pressing (ECAP). The pure titanium prepared by SLM was subjected to single-pass deformation modification at room temperature by a die with the angle of Φ=120° and ψ=20° between two channels, and its microstructure and mechanical properties were evaluated. The results show that the microstructure of SLM+ECAP pure Ti sample is refined, the grain size decreases from 13 μm to 7 μm, and the dislocation density increases. During the ECAP deformation process, twinning and continuous dynamic recrystallization (CDRX) occur simultaneously. The appearance of tensile and compression twin and the increase of dislocation density together promote the microhardness of SLM+ECAP pure Ti samples, increased by 13%, and YS and UTS are increased by 18% and 20.4% respectively, while the elongation decreases slightly.