The uniform and gradient lattice structures of TC4 titanium alloy were fabricated using SLM technology. The study investigated the effects of different rod diameters (ranging from 0.8mm to 1.2mm), cell types (bcc, fcc, fbcc), and adding vertical struts (bccz, fccz, fbccz) on the compressive properties and energy absorption of both uniform and gradient lattice structures. The results indicate that the lattice structure with 1.2mm rod diameters exhibits the best performance. The fccz and fbccz lattice structures respectively exhibit the best performance in terms of both mass and volume efficiency. The presence of vertical struts significantly enhances the performance of lattice structures under specific loading conditions. Compression performance and energy absorption of uniform lattice structures before failure are better than those of gradient lattice structures with the same relative density and strain, due to the layer-by-layer fracture characteristic of gradient lattice structures, they have better performance under 50% and larger strain conditions, and are more suitable for application in energy absorption devices.