Removal of milling marks at the root fillet of titanium alloy blade is a tough work because of the interference between the polishing tool and the workpiece. A polishing method based on elastic magnetic tool was proposed. The software ANSYS Maxwell was used to simulate the effect of different pole orientation arrangements on the magnetic field distribution. A comparison of polishing effect was made between elastic and inelastic magnetic pole carriers. The processing parameters of the elastic magnetic tool polishing for the blade root were optimized by orthogonal experiment (Taguchi) method. Results show that compared with the inelastic magnetic polishing tool, the elastic magnetic polishing tool with polyurethane as the pole carrier can effectively improve the surface quality of the polished workpiece. Under the optimal processing parameters (rotational speed=900 r/min, feeding rate=6 mm/min, machining gap=1.5 mm and abrasive size=10?14 μm), the original milling marks at the blade root are effectively removed and the average surface roughness R_a is dropped from 0.95 μm to 0.12 μm, which verifies the feasibility of the elastic magnetic polishing tool in the surface finishing of the titanium alloy blade root.