The surface of magnesium alloy was laser-processed, and the laser-etched morphology was determined as grooves by observing the surface morphology of sheep rib bone. The wettability of different morphologies was investigated by contact angle test. Through the cell adhesion test, the effects of different morphologies on cell adhesion, growth and migration were investigated. Results show that the wetting angle of the block-shaped surface is smaller than that of the groove-shaped surface, and block-shaped surface has better hydrophilicity. Compared with the smooth surface, the block-shaped surface has better cell adhesion, and the depressions and bumps are full of cells, suggesting that the micropatterns prepared by the laser processing are conducive to the enhancement of biocompatibility.