Volume 0,Issue 3,1997 Table of Contents
1997(3):5-8.
Abstract:
通过透射电子显微镜对Ｃｕ－４Ｔｉ合金的调幅分解过程进行了研究，确认调幅分解是Ｃｕ－Ｔｉ合金相变初期的过程之一。研究的淬火速度（盐水冷却）不能抑制调幅分解的发生，淬火态调幅波长为约为５．７ｎｍ。研究表明，调幅分解与调幅组织的长大是两个完全不同的过程，分别属于连续相变和非连续相变。这两个过程的波长长大动力分别符合λ＾３－λ＾３０＝Ｋｔ定律，长在激活能分别为１７６ＫＪ／ｍｏｌ和１３４ＫＪ／ｍｏｌ。
通过透射电子显微镜对Ｃｕ－４Ｔｉ合金的调幅分解过程进行了研究，确认调幅分解是Ｃｕ－Ｔｉ合金相变初期的过程之一。研究的淬火速度（盐水冷却）不能抑制调幅分解的发生，淬火态调幅波长为约为５．７ｎｍ。研究表明，调幅分解与调幅组织的长大是两个完全不同的过程，分别属于连续相变和非连续相变。这两个过程的波长长大动力分别符合λ＾３－λ＾３０＝Ｋｔ定律，长在激活能分别为１７６ＫＪ／ｍｏｌ和１３４ＫＪ／ｍｏｌ。
1997(3):9-13.
Abstract:
The thermal shock fatigue behavior of Ti(C,N) based ceramets containing 20% nickel has been studied The results show that the formation of thermal shock fatigue cracking is related to the nucleation, growth and joining of microvoids distributed at the interfaces of Ti(C,N)/Ni phases The incubation period of crack formation decreases and the rate of crack propagation increases with increasing cyclic temperature and cooling rate within the cycles The effects are mainly caused by increases of thermal stress and temperature gradients within the specimens The introduction of a notch also has the same effect SEM examination has some striae on the thermal shock fatigue fracture surfaces The crack propagation is a continuous process on a macroscopic scale although discontinuous microscopically
The thermal shock fatigue behavior of Ti(C,N) based ceramets containing 20% nickel has been studied The results show that the formation of thermal shock fatigue cracking is related to the nucleation, growth and joining of microvoids distributed at the interfaces of Ti(C,N)/Ni phases The incubation period of crack formation decreases and the rate of crack propagation increases with increasing cyclic temperature and cooling rate within the cycles The effects are mainly caused by increases of thermal stress and temperature gradients within the specimens The introduction of a notch also has the same effect SEM examination has some striae on the thermal shock fatigue fracture surfaces The crack propagation is a continuous process on a macroscopic scale although discontinuous microscopically
1997(3):14-19.
Abstract:
在分别优化稀土Ａ组元过渡族Ｂ组元基础上，研究了ＡＢγ合金中化学计量比γ值对其电化学性能的影响。结果表明，超化学计量比（γ＝５．３）的合金具有较高的放电容量（２９５ｍＡ．ｈ／ｇ）和较小的循环容量衰退（电化学容量在２５０次循环后为８３．６％）但其大电流放电能力有所降低，经ＸＲＤ分析，γ＝５．３的合金具有最大的晶胞体积，从放电容和循环寿命来看，超化学计量比合金优于化学计量比合金和欠化学计量比合金，但其高
在分别优化稀土Ａ组元过渡族Ｂ组元基础上，研究了ＡＢγ合金中化学计量比γ值对其电化学性能的影响。结果表明，超化学计量比（γ＝５．３）的合金具有较高的放电容量（２９５ｍＡ．ｈ／ｇ）和较小的循环容量衰退（电化学容量在２５０次循环后为８３．６％）但其大电流放电能力有所降低，经ＸＲＤ分析，γ＝５．３的合金具有最大的晶胞体积，从放电容和循环寿命来看，超化学计量比合金优于化学计量比合金和欠化学计量比合金，但其高
1997(3):20-25.
Abstract:
采用透射电子显微技术及高分辨技术，对Ｃ／Ｍｇ复合材料界面的显微结构进行了研究，发现在纤维与基体的界面上存在着Ａｌ元素的偏聚；碳纤维的石墨化程度不同，界面形态不同，石墨化程度较低时，界面处有一层约１μｍ厚的细晶粒层存在，石墨化程度较高时，界面处平直光滑；界面处有析出物γ－Ｍｇ１７Ａｌ１２存在；近界面区存在着大量晶体缺陷，主要为位错和孪晶，并有残余应变层存在；当碳纤维表面有ＳｉＣ涂层时，在涂层与基体间
采用透射电子显微技术及高分辨技术，对Ｃ／Ｍｇ复合材料界面的显微结构进行了研究，发现在纤维与基体的界面上存在着Ａｌ元素的偏聚；碳纤维的石墨化程度不同，界面形态不同，石墨化程度较低时，界面处有一层约１μｍ厚的细晶粒层存在，石墨化程度较高时，界面处平直光滑；界面处有析出物γ－Ｍｇ１７Ａｌ１２存在；近界面区存在着大量晶体缺陷，主要为位错和孪晶，并有残余应变层存在；当碳纤维表面有ＳｉＣ涂层时，在涂层与基体间
5 Electrochemical Behaviour of Some Mechanically Alloyed Mg-Ni-based Amorphous Hydrogen Storage Alloys
1997(3):26-29.
Abstract:
详细研究了通过机械合金化（ＭＡ）方法制备的Ｍｇ５０Ｎｉ５０－ｘ－ｙＭｘＮｙ（Ｍ，Ｎ＝Ａｌ，Ｃｏ和Ｓｉ）系列非晶态贮氢合金的电化学特性。结果表明，该系列ＭＡ非晶合金的电化学活化容易，电化学容量高，其中Ｍｇ５０Ｎｉ５０合金的最大容量达５００ｍＡ·ｈ／ｇ，约为晶态合金的１０倍；但是它们的化学稳定性较差，容量的循环衰减速率达（１０～６０）ｍＡ·ｈ／ｇ·ｃｙｃｌｅ。通过ＸＲＤ分析，证实Ｍｇ－Ｎｉ基合金的性能衰退是由于其中的Ｍｇ在碱性溶液中被氧化所引起。
详细研究了通过机械合金化（ＭＡ）方法制备的Ｍｇ５０Ｎｉ５０－ｘ－ｙＭｘＮｙ（Ｍ，Ｎ＝Ａｌ，Ｃｏ和Ｓｉ）系列非晶态贮氢合金的电化学特性。结果表明，该系列ＭＡ非晶合金的电化学活化容易，电化学容量高，其中Ｍｇ５０Ｎｉ５０合金的最大容量达５００ｍＡ·ｈ／ｇ，约为晶态合金的１０倍；但是它们的化学稳定性较差，容量的循环衰减速率达（１０～６０）ｍＡ·ｈ／ｇ·ｃｙｃｌｅ。通过ＸＲＤ分析，证实Ｍｇ－Ｎｉ基合金的性能衰退是由于其中的Ｍｇ在碱性溶液中被氧化所引起。
1997(3):30-34.
Abstract:
通过以钛合金表面上预涂敷一定比例的ＣａＨＰＯ４．２Ｈ２Ｏ－ＣａＣＯ３混合粉末及相应的过渡层并进行激光熔覆处理，获得了以ＴＣ４为基的含羟基磷灰石（ＨＡ）的生物陶瓷涂料复合材料，同时研究了稀土元素的加入对于生物陶瓷涂层组织的影响，结果表明：Ｙ２Ｏ３不仅对涂层组织有细化作用，而且对激光合成ＨＡ有催化作用并能使ＨＡ相结构保持稳定。
通过以钛合金表面上预涂敷一定比例的ＣａＨＰＯ４．２Ｈ２Ｏ－ＣａＣＯ３混合粉末及相应的过渡层并进行激光熔覆处理，获得了以ＴＣ４为基的含羟基磷灰石（ＨＡ）的生物陶瓷涂料复合材料，同时研究了稀土元素的加入对于生物陶瓷涂层组织的影响，结果表明：Ｙ２Ｏ３不仅对涂层组织有细化作用，而且对激光合成ＨＡ有催化作用并能使ＨＡ相结构保持稳定。
1997(3):35-39.
Abstract:
研究了热处理工艺，显微组织和试样表面下Ｔｉ８１１合金热稳定性能的影响，结果表明，具有等轴组织和双态组织的Ｔｉ８１１合金有很好的热稳定性能，针状组织的存在使Ｔｉ８１１合金热稳定性能恶化，Ｔｉ８１１合金在４２５℃热暴露下，表面氧化层及暴露时间对合金的热稳定性能没有明显影响，在本研究的实验条件下，影响Ｔｉ８１１合金热稳定性能的主要因素是暴露过程中的相结合变化。
研究了热处理工艺，显微组织和试样表面下Ｔｉ８１１合金热稳定性能的影响，结果表明，具有等轴组织和双态组织的Ｔｉ８１１合金有很好的热稳定性能，针状组织的存在使Ｔｉ８１１合金热稳定性能恶化，Ｔｉ８１１合金在４２５℃热暴露下，表面氧化层及暴露时间对合金的热稳定性能没有明显影响，在本研究的实验条件下，影响Ｔｉ８１１合金热稳定性能的主要因素是暴露过程中的相结合变化。
1997(3):40-44.
Abstract:
以纯钛板和全磨制高速钢钻头国基材，开展了ＨＣＤ型离子镀氮化钛涂层的工艺研究，结果表明，本研究确定的清洗工艺与涂覆工艺相结合，可以得到与基材结合良好，具有高显微硬度，色泽美观，性能稳定的氮化钛涂层，涂层后的高速钢全磨制钻头切削寿命平均增长１０倍以上，本研究得到的涂覆工艺参数，氮分压控制在１．６×１０＾－３Ｐａ～１．０×１０＾－１Ｐａ沉积时间为６０ｍｉｎ～８０ｍｉｎ；负偏压，烘烤温度则分别控制在１０Ｖ
以纯钛板和全磨制高速钢钻头国基材，开展了ＨＣＤ型离子镀氮化钛涂层的工艺研究，结果表明，本研究确定的清洗工艺与涂覆工艺相结合，可以得到与基材结合良好，具有高显微硬度，色泽美观，性能稳定的氮化钛涂层，涂层后的高速钢全磨制钻头切削寿命平均增长１０倍以上，本研究得到的涂覆工艺参数，氮分压控制在１．６×１０＾－３Ｐａ～１．０×１０＾－１Ｐａ沉积时间为６０ｍｉｎ～８０ｍｉｎ；负偏压，烘烤温度则分别控制在１０Ｖ
1997(3):45-49.
Abstract:
TiC and Al 2 O 3 ceramic powders were coated with a Co film, and then the treated powders were hot isostaic pressed to fabricate Al 2 O 3 -TiC-Co (ATC) fine cermet The fracture toughness of the ATC cermet is much higher than that of AT30 with no cobalt film Both ATC and AT30 cermets have about the same hardness The erosion behaviors and mechanisms of ATC and AT30 cermet have been compared It has been shown that the erosion resistance of ATC is better than that of AT30 at both high and low impact angles, especially the latter
TiC and Al 2 O 3 ceramic powders were coated with a Co film, and then the treated powders were hot isostaic pressed to fabricate Al 2 O 3 -TiC-Co (ATC) fine cermet The fracture toughness of the ATC cermet is much higher than that of AT30 with no cobalt film Both ATC and AT30 cermets have about the same hardness The erosion behaviors and mechanisms of ATC and AT30 cermet have been compared It has been shown that the erosion resistance of ATC is better than that of AT30 at both high and low impact angles, especially the latter
1997(3):50-52.
Abstract:
The bending strengths of 2Y-TZP treated by different methods are compared under the condition of low temperature hydrothermal corrosion The results show that the surface Ce-doping of Y-TZP ceramics may not only prevent the decrease of bending strength, but also can significantly improve its mechanical properties of in the presence of low temperature hydrothermal corrosion It has been shown that the effects of surface Ce-doping on the mechanical properties of 2Y-TZP ceramics after hydrothermal corrosion should be attributed to the combined effects of the retained high stress field and introduction oxygen vacancies into the structure
The bending strengths of 2Y-TZP treated by different methods are compared under the condition of low temperature hydrothermal corrosion The results show that the surface Ce-doping of Y-TZP ceramics may not only prevent the decrease of bending strength, but also can significantly improve its mechanical properties of in the presence of low temperature hydrothermal corrosion It has been shown that the effects of surface Ce-doping on the mechanical properties of 2Y-TZP ceramics after hydrothermal corrosion should be attributed to the combined effects of the retained high stress field and introduction oxygen vacancies into the structure
11 Thermodynamic Characteristics of Rare-Earth Element and Its Application in Metals Matrix Composites
1997(3):53-58.
Abstract:
The addition of small quantities of rare-earth elements may have strong effects on the structure and properties of the solvate metal For example, when La is added into an Al matrix composites, the thermal resistance increases strongly due to the formation of an Al-La intermetallic compound At the same time as a result of a refinement of the grain size of the Al matrix, the comprehensive mechanical properties are improved and the anticorrosive property is also increases When a rare-earth element is added to Mg alloys, the mechanical properties, thermal resistance and processing properties improve, so that the scope of application of Mg alloy can be expanded into a matrix of composites In the case of nano scale Mg-Y composites reinforced by in-situ intermettallic compound particulates, which is a recent development, the elongation is greatly improved as a result of the fineness reinforcing particles is very fine, and the high temperature strength and anti-corrosive properties are also good
The addition of small quantities of rare-earth elements may have strong effects on the structure and properties of the solvate metal For example, when La is added into an Al matrix composites, the thermal resistance increases strongly due to the formation of an Al-La intermetallic compound At the same time as a result of a refinement of the grain size of the Al matrix, the comprehensive mechanical properties are improved and the anticorrosive property is also increases When a rare-earth element is added to Mg alloys, the mechanical properties, thermal resistance and processing properties improve, so that the scope of application of Mg alloy can be expanded into a matrix of composites In the case of nano scale Mg-Y composites reinforced by in-situ intermettallic compound particulates, which is a recent development, the elongation is greatly improved as a result of the fineness reinforcing particles is very fine, and the high temperature strength and anti-corrosive properties are also good
1997(3):59-62.
Abstract:
用乳状液膜体系对锶进行分离富集，该体系包括协同流动载体（ＰＭＢＰ，ＴＢＰ），表面活性剂（ＳＰＡＮ８０）增强剂（丙三醇）溶剂（正己烷）和内相（１．２ｍｏｌ／Ｌ的盐酸溶液），实验表明，在适宜的条件下，锶的富集效率可达９９．５％以上，而在此条件下许多共存离子，如Ｆｅ＾３＋，Ａｌ＾３＋，Ｃａ＾２＋，Ｍｇ＾２＋，Ｂａ＾２＋，Ｃｒ＾３＋，ＣＯ＾２＋，Ｎｉ＾２＋，Ｚｒ＾４＋，Ｃｕ＾２＋，Ｚｎ＾２＋，Ｐｂ＾２＋和
用乳状液膜体系对锶进行分离富集，该体系包括协同流动载体（ＰＭＢＰ，ＴＢＰ），表面活性剂（ＳＰＡＮ８０）增强剂（丙三醇）溶剂（正己烷）和内相（１．２ｍｏｌ／Ｌ的盐酸溶液），实验表明，在适宜的条件下，锶的富集效率可达９９．５％以上，而在此条件下许多共存离子，如Ｆｅ＾３＋，Ａｌ＾３＋，Ｃａ＾２＋，Ｍｇ＾２＋，Ｂａ＾２＋，Ｃｒ＾３＋，ＣＯ＾２＋，Ｎｉ＾２＋，Ｚｒ＾４＋，Ｃｕ＾２＋，Ｚｎ＾２＋，Ｐｂ＾２＋和
