Volume 0,Issue 1,2000 Table of Contents
2000(1).
Abstract:
研究了石墨(Gr)铝界面反应对Gr,碳化硅(SiC)混杂增强铝基复合材料(Gr+SiC)Al摩擦磨损性能的影响。在630℃下对SiCAl和混杂复合材料分别加热保温了4,8,12,16h。硬度试验和透射电镜分析说明,随热处理时间的延长,GrAl界面反应物增加,而SiCAl几乎没有发生界面反应。用热处理后的混杂复合材料试样进行了干磨损试验。结果表明,随着热处理时间的延长,混杂复合材料摩擦系数升高,而磨损率降低。对Al4C3对复合材料摩擦磨损性能的影响进行了讨论。
研究了石墨(Gr)铝界面反应对Gr,碳化硅(SiC)混杂增强铝基复合材料(Gr+SiC)Al摩擦磨损性能的影响。在630℃下对SiCAl和混杂复合材料分别加热保温了4,8,12,16h。硬度试验和透射电镜分析说明,随热处理时间的延长,GrAl界面反应物增加,而SiCAl几乎没有发生界面反应。用热处理后的混杂复合材料试样进行了干磨损试验。结果表明,随着热处理时间的延长,混杂复合材料摩擦系数升高,而磨损率降低。对Al4C3对复合材料摩擦磨损性能的影响进行了讨论。
2000(1).
Abstract:
研究了不同后处理(Ar,O2)对在空气中制备的“粉末熔化处理法”(PMP)Nd123超导性能的影响。结果显示,先进行高温氩气处理可以增加Nd123在随后氧处理过程中的吸氧量,并使其ΔT变窄,Jc升高。低温氧气处理有一温限Tlim,高于或太低于此温限均不能有效地增加PMPNd123的氧含量;此温限大约在600℃附近。
研究了不同后处理(Ar,O2)对在空气中制备的“粉末熔化处理法”(PMP)Nd123超导性能的影响。结果显示,先进行高温氩气处理可以增加Nd123在随后氧处理过程中的吸氧量,并使其ΔT变窄,Jc升高。低温氧气处理有一温限Tlim,高于或太低于此温限均不能有效地增加PMPNd123的氧含量;此温限大约在600℃附近。
2000(1):4-7.
Abstract:
The physical phenomena of solidification and the mechanical properties of aluminum matrix composites are reviewed.Nucleation and growth of the matrix, solute distribution and fluid flow in the cast aluminum matrix composites are changed by the addition of reinforcers, especially in the case of nonequilibrium solidification under differential pressure and under variation of the cooling conditions. Such changes greatly influence the dendrite structure of matrix, precipitation, solute segregation, interface reactivity, solidification defects etc., and properties of the composites.
The physical phenomena of solidification and the mechanical properties of aluminum matrix composites are reviewed.Nucleation and growth of the matrix, solute distribution and fluid flow in the cast aluminum matrix composites are changed by the addition of reinforcers, especially in the case of nonequilibrium solidification under differential pressure and under variation of the cooling conditions. Such changes greatly influence the dendrite structure of matrix, precipitation, solute segregation, interface reactivity, solidification defects etc., and properties of the composites.
2000(1):8-12.
Abstract:
用热重法研究了５种铸态ＴｉＡｌ在静止空气中的高温（７００℃～１０００℃）断续氧化行为。ＴｉＡｌ在７００℃，１００ｈ戏微。８００℃，１００ｈ～１０００℃，１００ｈ氧化动力学曲线可用幂函数△Ｍ＾ｎ＝ｋｎｔ描述，通常１〈ｎ〈２，这表明。ＴｉＡｌ的断续氧化规律一般介于线性规律与抛物线规律之间。中、高温（≤９００℃）氧化时，合金成份对ＴｉＡｌ的氧化行为影响显著，但随着氧化温度进一步增主，不同ＴｉＡｌ基合金间
用热重法研究了５种铸态ＴｉＡｌ在静止空气中的高温（７００℃～１０００℃）断续氧化行为。ＴｉＡｌ在７００℃，１００ｈ戏微。８００℃，１００ｈ～１０００℃，１００ｈ氧化动力学曲线可用幂函数△Ｍ＾ｎ＝ｋｎｔ描述，通常１〈ｎ〈２，这表明。ＴｉＡｌ的断续氧化规律一般介于线性规律与抛物线规律之间。中、高温（≤９００℃）氧化时，合金成份对ＴｉＡｌ的氧化行为影响显著，但随着氧化温度进一步增主，不同ＴｉＡｌ基合金间
2000(1):17-20.
Abstract:
着重研究了采用真空离心喷射沉积成形的Ｔｉ－４８Ａｌ－２Ｍｎ－２Ｎｂ金属间化合物及轻热等静压处理的合金样品的室温断裂韧度。采用三点弯曲试验方法进行测试，结果表明，喷射沉积合金样品的平均断裂韧度值为２３．６ＭＰａｍ１／２，最大值约２８ＭＰａｍ１／２，而经热等静压后样品的平均断裂韧度仅为１５．３ＭＰａｍ１／２。结果分析认为，导状组织对裂纹扩展的抗力比γ等轴晶的抗力高得多，因而经热等静压高得多，因而，具有
着重研究了采用真空离心喷射沉积成形的Ｔｉ－４８Ａｌ－２Ｍｎ－２Ｎｂ金属间化合物及轻热等静压处理的合金样品的室温断裂韧度。采用三点弯曲试验方法进行测试，结果表明，喷射沉积合金样品的平均断裂韧度值为２３．６ＭＰａｍ１／２，最大值约２８ＭＰａｍ１／２，而经热等静压后样品的平均断裂韧度仅为１５．３ＭＰａｍ１／２。结果分析认为，导状组织对裂纹扩展的抗力比γ等轴晶的抗力高得多，因而经热等静压高得多，因而，具有
2000(1):21-24.
Abstract:
采用金相、Ｘ射线衍射（ＸＲＤ）、透射电镜（ＴＥＭ）、硬度测定和拉伸试验研究了高温热暴露对快速凝固ＡｌＣＲＹＺｒ合金显微组织影响和高温国下力学性能的热稳定性。结果表明，快速凝固ＡｌＣｒＹＺｒ合金主要第二相为Ａｌ２０Ｃｒ２Ｙ（立方，ａ＝１．４３７ｎｍ）和ＣＯ２３Ａｌ３Ｚｒ（正方，ａ＝０．４０１３ｎｍ，ｃ－１．７３２ｎｍ），Ａｌ２０Ｃｒ２在５００℃热暴露尚能保持其立方结构，但质点明显粗化，甚至块状化，在
采用金相、Ｘ射线衍射（ＸＲＤ）、透射电镜（ＴＥＭ）、硬度测定和拉伸试验研究了高温热暴露对快速凝固ＡｌＣＲＹＺｒ合金显微组织影响和高温国下力学性能的热稳定性。结果表明，快速凝固ＡｌＣｒＹＺｒ合金主要第二相为Ａｌ２０Ｃｒ２Ｙ（立方，ａ＝１．４３７ｎｍ）和ＣＯ２３Ａｌ３Ｚｒ（正方，ａ＝０．４０１３ｎｍ，ｃ－１．７３２ｎｍ），Ａｌ２０Ｃｒ２在５００℃热暴露尚能保持其立方结构，但质点明显粗化，甚至块状化，在
2000(1):25-27.
Abstract:
The alloy LaNi 5 is a typical hydrogen storage material. Hydrogen storage batteries using LaNi 5 base alloy as cathodes have outstanding advantages. According to crystal structure of LaNi 5, the maximum hydrogen storage quantity of the LaNi 5 alloy is 1 33 H/M, that means 8 H atoms can be absorbed in a cell.
The alloy LaNi 5 is a typical hydrogen storage material. Hydrogen storage batteries using LaNi 5 base alloy as cathodes have outstanding advantages. According to crystal structure of LaNi 5, the maximum hydrogen storage quantity of the LaNi 5 alloy is 1 33 H/M, that means 8 H atoms can be absorbed in a cell.
2000(1):28-31.
Abstract:
Based on the anisotropic crystallographic theory, a model of low cycle fatigue (LCF) life time of a nickel base single crystal in a multiaxial stress state is proposed. The model indicates that LCF life time has a power relationship to total shear strain of modified octahedral slip. The detail distributions of stress and strain in a hellow cylinder specimen under tension torsion LCF loadings are analyzed in detail. The LCF life time model has been confirmed successfully using the results of tension torsion LCF tests of CMSX 2 NI base single crystal superalloy.
Based on the anisotropic crystallographic theory, a model of low cycle fatigue (LCF) life time of a nickel base single crystal in a multiaxial stress state is proposed. The model indicates that LCF life time has a power relationship to total shear strain of modified octahedral slip. The detail distributions of stress and strain in a hellow cylinder specimen under tension torsion LCF loadings are analyzed in detail. The LCF life time model has been confirmed successfully using the results of tension torsion LCF tests of CMSX 2 NI base single crystal superalloy.
2000(1):32-34.
Abstract:
研究了反应烧结碳化硅陶瓷在１３００℃空气中的高温氧化行为。结果表明：高温氧化过程中在试样表面出现的非晶态ＳｉＯ２晶化以及氧化膜起裂，使得该陶瓷氧化曲线遵循对数氧化规律。
研究了反应烧结碳化硅陶瓷在１３００℃空气中的高温氧化行为。结果表明：高温氧化过程中在试样表面出现的非晶态ＳｉＯ２晶化以及氧化膜起裂，使得该陶瓷氧化曲线遵循对数氧化规律。
2000(1):39-42.
Abstract:
对Ｎｉ－９．７Ｃｒ－５．５ｌ－７Ｔｉ溅射纳米晶涂层进行了空气中高温氧化实验，观察并分析了Ｔｉ的作用及影响，研究结果表明：由于涂层中相对较高的Ｔｉ含量，１０００℃氧化２００ｈ后生成了由α－Ａｌ２Ｏ３和ＴｉＯ２组成的复杂氧化膜。ＴｉＯ的存在并没有降低涂层的抗高温氧化性能，而且生成的氧化膜与涂层基体有着很好的粘附性。这主要在于氧化初期生成的ＴｉＯ２在随后氧化过程中没有发生长大，从而保证了保持性氧化膜的完
对Ｎｉ－９．７Ｃｒ－５．５ｌ－７Ｔｉ溅射纳米晶涂层进行了空气中高温氧化实验，观察并分析了Ｔｉ的作用及影响，研究结果表明：由于涂层中相对较高的Ｔｉ含量，１０００℃氧化２００ｈ后生成了由α－Ａｌ２Ｏ３和ＴｉＯ２组成的复杂氧化膜。ＴｉＯ的存在并没有降低涂层的抗高温氧化性能，而且生成的氧化膜与涂层基体有着很好的粘附性。这主要在于氧化初期生成的ＴｉＯ２在随后氧化过程中没有发生长大，从而保证了保持性氧化膜的完
2000(1):46-49.
Abstract:
以单聚合物组元石蜡基粘结剂ＷＰ－ＥＶＡ和ＰＷ－ＨＤＰＥ作为对比，选择具有良好产流变学性能的ＰＷ－ＥＶＡ－ＨＤＰＥ多聚合物组元石蜡基粘结剂，研究其脱脂保形性和分步快速脱脂过程。研究结果表明：采用分步快速脱脂，ＰＷ－ＥＶＡ－ＨＤＰＥ粘结剂中的ＰＷ、ＥＡＶ、ＨＤＰＥ可分别在３５０℃、４２０℃、５００℃有序地分为３步依交脱除，该粘结剂体系具有最佳脱脂保形性能。
以单聚合物组元石蜡基粘结剂ＷＰ－ＥＶＡ和ＰＷ－ＨＤＰＥ作为对比，选择具有良好产流变学性能的ＰＷ－ＥＶＡ－ＨＤＰＥ多聚合物组元石蜡基粘结剂，研究其脱脂保形性和分步快速脱脂过程。研究结果表明：采用分步快速脱脂，ＰＷ－ＥＶＡ－ＨＤＰＥ粘结剂中的ＰＷ、ＥＡＶ、ＨＤＰＥ可分别在３５０℃、４２０℃、５００℃有序地分为３步依交脱除，该粘结剂体系具有最佳脱脂保形性能。
2000(1):53-56.
Abstract:
A novel W nano ThO 2 electrode has been prepared by hot pressing. Through vacuum arc discharge, electron emission sites on the cathode were examined using SEM. Also, the electric field strength of the starting arc was measured. As compared with the traditional electrode, the W nano ThO 2 electrode has a higher electron emission ability and a much lower work function.
A novel W nano ThO 2 electrode has been prepared by hot pressing. Through vacuum arc discharge, electron emission sites on the cathode were examined using SEM. Also, the electric field strength of the starting arc was measured. As compared with the traditional electrode, the W nano ThO 2 electrode has a higher electron emission ability and a much lower work function.
2000(1):57-60.
Abstract:
CuCr25W1Co1 electrical contact alloys were prepared by a vacuum smelting method and their properties were measured. The results show that selective strengthening by W and Co improves the breakdown fields of CuCr alloys, and that vacuum smelting is an effective method to produce CuCr contact material, it saves Cu and Cr, improves properties, and is suitable for large scale production.
CuCr25W1Co1 electrical contact alloys were prepared by a vacuum smelting method and their properties were measured. The results show that selective strengthening by W and Co improves the breakdown fields of CuCr alloys, and that vacuum smelting is an effective method to produce CuCr contact material, it saves Cu and Cr, improves properties, and is suitable for large scale production.
2000(1):61-63.
Abstract:
Using pure Ti and Ni powders, a porous TiNi shape memory alloy has been prepared by self propagating high temperature synthesis(SHS). The porous SHS samples possess a regular shape, stable dimensions, and relatively satisfactory porous interconnections etc. The density, maximum pore size, permeability, pore structure, element distribution and phase composition of the porous samples have been analyzed. The results show that the SHS process used for producing TiNi alloys with high porosity and low density possesses many advantages, such as full alloying, homogenous composition, high porosity (over 50%), simplifying processing, energy savings etc. Accordingly it is an ideal method for producing TiNi alloys.
Using pure Ti and Ni powders, a porous TiNi shape memory alloy has been prepared by self propagating high temperature synthesis(SHS). The porous SHS samples possess a regular shape, stable dimensions, and relatively satisfactory porous interconnections etc. The density, maximum pore size, permeability, pore structure, element distribution and phase composition of the porous samples have been analyzed. The results show that the SHS process used for producing TiNi alloys with high porosity and low density possesses many advantages, such as full alloying, homogenous composition, high porosity (over 50%), simplifying processing, energy savings etc. Accordingly it is an ideal method for producing TiNi alloys.
2000(1):64-67.
Abstract:
采用发射光谱分析技术,研究了钛及钛合金中Zr,Ru,Pd,Hf,Cu,Y,V,Mo,Nb,Al,Co,Ni,Ta,Bi,Sn,Cr,Mn的光谱测定方法。结果表明,选用碳粉作为缓冲剂,使用浅孔电极和大电流激发,一次摄谱可同时测定17个杂质元素。测定下限为3×10-4%～15×10-3%,相对偏差在15%以内。
采用发射光谱分析技术,研究了钛及钛合金中Zr,Ru,Pd,Hf,Cu,Y,V,Mo,Nb,Al,Co,Ni,Ta,Bi,Sn,Cr,Mn的光谱测定方法。结果表明,选用碳粉作为缓冲剂,使用浅孔电极和大电流激发,一次摄谱可同时测定17个杂质元素。测定下限为3×10-4%～15×10-3%,相对偏差在15%以内。
2000(1):68-71.
Abstract:
The working principle of polishing equipment for polishing the outer surface of zirconium alloy tubing for nuclear reacts is described. Some key issues in the development and operation features of the equipment are also presented. A free polishing method and four polishing heads with various sizes of abrasive tapes are adopted for long and minor zirconium alloy tubing, and multiple pass polishing can be conducted in one cycle of operation. An adjustable instrument with various functions can keep stabilize the operation of the equipment. The polishing process is controlled automatically.
The working principle of polishing equipment for polishing the outer surface of zirconium alloy tubing for nuclear reacts is described. Some key issues in the development and operation features of the equipment are also presented. A free polishing method and four polishing heads with various sizes of abrasive tapes are adopted for long and minor zirconium alloy tubing, and multiple pass polishing can be conducted in one cycle of operation. An adjustable instrument with various functions can keep stabilize the operation of the equipment. The polishing process is controlled automatically.
