Abstract:用热扩散偶实验和热力学模型研究和计算了 Ｎｉ－Ａｌ－Ｃｒ系富 Ｎｉ区γ，ａ，γ’和β相的相平衡。用规则溶体和亚点阵模型计算了该体系９００℃－１３００℃区间的等温截面，计算结果与实验值相符合。

Abstract:Zr52. 5Cu17. 9Ni14.6Al1.0Ti5 bulky glass sheets with thickness of 2mm were prepared by a water-cooled copper mold casting. The volume fraction of quenched-in crystallines were controlled by changing oxygen impurity content and overheating level. The results show: low oxygen content and enough large overheating level can improve the glass formation ability of the present ahoy. Fully amorphous sheet with a thickness of 2mm displays high fractured strength (1 710MPa). Samples with volume fraction of 2% still have high fractured strength (1 580MPa), but that of samples with volume fraction of 7% reduce rapidly to 1 220MPa. The reason for decreasing of fracture strength is that quenched-in crystals embedded on the amorphous matrix induce initiation and propagation of crack.

Abstract:A new recovery Process of Pd in the lower-Pd alloy wastes is presented. Firstly, using hydrolytic property of Pd(NO3)2 (when heating), the Pd in the wastes is concentrated, and is PdO. H2O producted. Then, using a Pd[(NH3)2Cl2] method, Pd can be recovery and purified. The.direct recovery ratio of Pd reaches 92.8%, and recovery ratio is up to 98.4%. The new recovery method has the advantages of shorter processing cycle, less consumption of reagent and lower cost. It is one of effective methods of recoverying Pd from lower-Pd alloy wastes.

Abstract:Y203 -doped aluminum nitride(AIN) ceramic with thermal conductivity varying from 90 W/m K-162.5W/mo K at room temperature were produced by powder injection molding (PIM). The effects of the amount of additives and sintering condition on the composition of second phase. and the thermal properties are studied and discussed in detail. The experimental results show that the composition, distribution and oxygen content of the second phase have a great effect on the thermal conductivity.

Abstract:The history of research and development in high-temperature titanium alloys is briefly reviewed. the current status of particulate-reinforced titanium matrix composites is discussed in detail. Finally the future trends in the research of titanium matrix composite are also proposed.

Abstract:The principle of magnetic refrigeration, proof-principle demonstration apparatus and its development are introduced. The materials for magnetic refrigeration and their applications are reviewed. Some suggestions how to develop magnetic refrigeration in China rapidly are also presented.

Abstract:An experimental set-up was designed for measuring the self-field losses of Bi2223/Ag HTS tapes using a transport current method. The frequency of transport current can be freely changed from 0.5 Hz to 1000Hz. Its amplitude can be as much as 100A. The self-field losses of Bi2223/Ag tapes,which are made by the traditional PIT method with the critical current of 15.5A and SC/Ag ratio of about 0.25 were measured at 77K with differnt frequency transport currents. The results are compared with those predicted by the Norris equations based on the critical state model. When the frequency of AC current is low the AC losses of Bi2223/Ag multifilamentry tapes are domestically hysterestic; As soon as the frequencies are more than 200 Hz, the eddy current losses can not be neglected.

Abstract:A special heat treatment process was used to separate the microstructural parameters, mainly grain size and lamellar spacing. The strengthening effect of grain size and lamellar spacing on fully lamellar alloy has been studied. The result reveals that the yield strength increases with decreasing grain size and lamellar spacing. A model of yield strength is proposed to explain the strengthening effect of grain size and lamellar spacing:

Abstract:The mechanically milled Ti-Al binary composite powders were observed and analyzed using SEM, EPM and TEM. The experimental results show that with increasing milling time, particle sizes of composite powders remarkably and rapidly increase at first, then greatly decrease, and finally decrease to a constant. The Ti particles form "jujube-cake" in Al powders during mechanical alloying. With increasing time, a obvious lamellar structure forms, lamellar spacing decreases and TiIA1 interfaces disappear, and finally amorphous structure forms. However, the Ti-Al intermetallic compounds did not produce during the whole process.

Abstract:采用真空熔炼和烧结的方法制备了新型热电材料β-Zn4Sb3。X射线衍射分析表明样品为单相。2种样品从室温到723K温度范围内的电学性能测量表明，β-Zn4Sb3在500K～650K时具有较高的功率因子，真空熔炼样品的性能要优于烧结样品，其功率因子在623K时达到最大值3.9μW.cm^-1.k^-2。β-Zn4Sb3在热电转换领域有潜在的应用前景。

Abstract:利用射流成型法制备了厚度为2mm的Zr52.5Cu17.9Ni14.6Al10Ti5金属玻璃薄板，通过控制氧含量和过热度来改变玻璃薄板中淬态结晶相的体积分数。研究表明：低的氧含量水平和高的过热度有利于提高该合金的 玻璃形成能力，形成完全非晶的合金；完全非晶的2mmZr52.5Cu17.9Ni14.6Al10Ti5大体积金属玻璃薄板其断裂应力为1710MPa，弹性模量为80GPa，弹塑性为2.2%，提高合金中的氧含量水平或者降低熔体过热度都有利于结晶相析出，基体中出现2%和6%的结晶相时，断裂应力分别降为1580MPa和1220MPa。淬态结晶相的析出改变了Zr52.5Cu17.9Ni14.6Al10Ti5大体积金属玻璃剪切流变的变形方式，使材料脆断。

Abstract:Ｚｒ（Ｍｎ０．４５－ｘＮｉ０．５５Ｖｘ）２（ｘ＝０．０５～０．４０）Ｌａｖｅｓ相储氢合金中的Ｚｒ－Ｎｉ相类型主要有ＺｒＮｉ和Ｚｒ９Ｎｉ１１相。ＺｒＮｉ１１相在整个研究的成分范围内出现，而 ＺｒＮｉ相仅在ｘ＝０．２０－０．４０范围内出现。Ｚｒ９Ｎｉ１１相的含量与合金中的 Ｍｎ、Ｖ含量关系不大，而ＺｒＮｉ相的含量随合金中的Ｍｎ、Ｖ含量变化呈增加趋势。Ｚｒ９Ｎｉ１１和ＺｒＮｉ相的晶格常数随合金中的Ｍｎ、Ｖ含量变化而出现波动。Ｚｒ９Ｎｉ１１相为长程有序结构，有序堆垛方向为［１００］和［０１０］，同时ＺｒＮｉ１１相基本上被包围在Ｃ１５相中间，并与Ｃ１５相存在一定取向关系，Ｚｒ９Ｎｉ１１相的＜１１１＞晶向与Ｃ１５相的＜１１０＞晶向基本平行，两者的差值在２°～３°之间。

Abstract:Surface layer of tantalum produced in the mixture of hydrogen and nitrogen has been investigated using SEM and XRD. It was found that the reactions on surface of tantalum in H-O-N atmosphere can be changed by plasma. The reaction products are Ta6N2.57 and/or amorphous phase instead of Ta205. Meanwhile, the roughness of surface of tantalum treated in plasamn decreases by an order, as compared with that of tantalum treated without plasma. The reason is that changed media and the interaction between tantalum and the cathode sheath of plasma prevent from forming the rough Ta205.

Abstract:采用粉末冶金方法制备了新型银稀土氧化物触头材料 Ａｇ／Ｌａ２Ｏ３，它的密度为 ９．７１ｇ／ｃｍ３－９．９６ｇ／ｃｍ３，硬度为７６０ＭＰａ－９７０Ｍｐａ，电阻率为２．２５μΩ·ｃｍ－２．３８μΩ·ｃｍ。利用扫描电镜（ＳＥＭ）及能谱分析（ＥＤＳ），对Ａｇ／Ｌａ２Ｏ触头材料的显微组织进行了分析，发现Ｌａ２Ｏ３在Ａｇ基体中呈极细小球状（直径＜０．５μｍ）及不规则形（直径＜３μｍ）２种形态均匀分布，经激光模拟电弧作用后，Ｌａ２Ｏ３呈细小球状（＜２．５μｍ）分布于Ａｇ熔化区中，有助于减少Ａｇ液的飞溅侵蚀。经与Ａｇ／ＳｎＯ２及Ａｇ／ＣｄＯ触头材料的主要物理、机械性能相对比，所研制的Ａｇ／ＬａＯ３触头材料与后两者性能相近，因此有可能成为一种可替代 Ａｇ／ＣｄＯ的新型触头材料。

Abstract:采用X衍射、BET氮吸附法和DTA差热分析方法对球磨后的90W-7Ni-3Fe(质量百分数）纳米复合粉的组织结构变化、表面特性和热稳定性进行了系统的研究。XRD和DTA的分析结果表明：球磨可以生成纳米复合粉，晶粒内部产生很大的晶格畸变，同时球磨产生的密度和缺陷使原子扩散加快，形成超饱和固溶体、非晶和扩大W在粘结相中的溶解度，BET氮吸附结果证明了球磨使粉末产生微孔，比表面、中孔表面和孔径降低。

Abstract:研究了添加5%和7%Y2O3的AIN陶瓷的注射成形工艺,制备了热导率达162.5W/m@K的AIN陶瓷.利用XRD,SEM,XPS等方法分析了注射成形中Y2O3的添加量、烧结工艺和第2相组成的关系,并发现注射成形AlN陶瓷的晶界第2相对AlN陶瓷的热导性能有显著的影响.

Abstract:Dense MgO films for a protective layer of plasma display screen have been prepared by ion beam-assisted deposition. Properties of the deposited films and relationships between the deposition parameters and the properties have been investigated using X-ray diffractometry, scanning electronic microscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The deposited films exhibit mainly (200) preferable orientation. From the cross-sectional morphology, the density and the refractive index, it can be known that the MgO films prepared by ion beam-assisted deposition are much denser and more adhesive to substrate than the films deposited by electron beam evaporation. Ion energy, substrate temperature, growth rate and annealing treatment affect the orientation of the MgO films. The best crystallinity of the MgO films can be obtained for ion bombardment with energy of 1keV. With ion energy of 1keV, the orientation. of the MgO films becomes better for lower substrate temperature or growth rate. Annealing treatment in dry air is beneficial to the grain growth further.

Abstract:Cr13 stainless steel was surface cladded with Co-based alloy using a high power carbon dioxide laser. The microstructure, wear resistance and corrosion properties of the clad layer were investigated. The experimental results indicate that the high temperature corrosion behaviour and wear resistant property of the clad layer are 3 and 3.5 times better than those of the parent metal. Under the high temperature molten lead sulphate salt corrosion condition, the clad layer spalls off which is caused by intergrannular corrosion in the clad layer. The fine dendritic structure and the Co-based alloy oxides help to retard the penetration rate of the sulphur ion, which induces the intergrannular corrosion.

Abstract:以NiCr-Cr3C2混合粉末为原料，对γ-TiAl金属间化合物合金进行激光表面合金化。制得了以γ-NiCrAl镍基固溶体为基体，以TiC及Cr7C3为增强相的复合材料表面改性层，分析了激光表面合金化改性层的组织，并测试了其在滑动磨损试验条件下的耐磨及高温抗氧化性能。试验结果表明，上述激光表面合金化层具有很高的硬度、较高的耐磨性及高温抗氧化性。

Abstract:The hydrogen storage properties of the alloys Ml-Ca-Ni (Ml: La-riched mischmetal) was systematically investigated. The experimental results show that the alloys Ml-Ca-Ni have good hydrogen storage capacity and hydriding/dehydriding kinetics. It was also found that the hydrogen storage capacity of Ml0.8Ca0.2Ni5 is more than 180ml/g. An automobile hydrogen storage tank used Ml0.8Ca0.2Ni5 hydride with hydrogen capacity of 20 Nm3 was designed and manufacted . The comparison test results reveal that with hydrogen-gasoline hybrid as its fuel, an gasoline engine may save gasoline by more than 30% and its thermal efficiency increases by more than 10%. Moreover, in its exhaust gases, the CO level decreases by 70% and the contents of HC and NOx also reduce. A demonstration test of a bus was carried out.

Abstract:研制了ＴｉＳｎＯ２＋Ｓｂ２Ｏ３／ＰｂＯ２金属阳极，用ＳＥＭ，ＸＲＤ，ＥＤＳ对阳极表层进行了观测和分析。测定了在８０℃，１ｍｏｌ·Ｌ－１＼Ｈ２ＳＯ４中该电极的使用寿命和电化学动力学参数，并与贵金属及其合金电极进行了比较，采用双位垒模型讨论了该电极的电化学性能。结果表明，该电极是一种寿命长，催化活性好的非贵金属放氧阳极材料。

Abstract:An assembly of YA15 tube mill-the first equipment for rolling golf-club in China is described. Some key issues in the design and operational performances of the equipment are also presented.

Abstract:The synthesis and characterization of 1,1-diethyl-3-butenyl cyclopentadienyl lanthanide dichlorides are reported. The complexes [C5H4C(C2H5)2CH2CH=CH2]LnCl2. MgCl2. THF (Ln=La(1), Nd(2), Sm(3), Gd(4)) are characterized by elementary analyses, mass spectrography infrared spectrography and nuclear magnetic resonance.