Volume 0,Issue 2,2003 Table of Contents
2003(2).
Abstract:
研究了Zr0.8Ti0.2(Ni0.6Mn0.2V0.2Cr0.05)x(x=1.8～2.4)贮氢合金中化学计量x对晶体结构和电化学性能的影响。结果表明:随着x值的增大,合金中C14相含量逐渐减少,C15相含量逐渐增加,C14和C15相的晶格常数均线性减小;随着x值的增大,合金电极的活化性能提高,高倍率放电性能和放电容量均先升高,至x=2.2时达到最大值(最大放电容量为370mAh/g);超化学计量合金电极的循环寿命随x值的增大而降低,但当x<2.2时,经充放电循环500次以后容量保持率仍在80%左右。当化学计量值x等于2.2时,合金电极的综合电化学性能最好。
研究了Zr0.8Ti0.2(Ni0.6Mn0.2V0.2Cr0.05)x(x=1.8～2.4)贮氢合金中化学计量x对晶体结构和电化学性能的影响。结果表明:随着x值的增大,合金中C14相含量逐渐减少,C15相含量逐渐增加,C14和C15相的晶格常数均线性减小;随着x值的增大,合金电极的活化性能提高,高倍率放电性能和放电容量均先升高,至x=2.2时达到最大值(最大放电容量为370mAh/g);超化学计量合金电极的循环寿命随x值的增大而降低,但当x<2.2时,经充放电循环500次以后容量保持率仍在80%左右。当化学计量值x等于2.2时,合金电极的综合电化学性能最好。
2003(2).
Abstract:
A novel tungsten cathode material with six percents of nanoscale ThO2 used in arc plasma has been fabricated by Hot Pressing(HP) sintering. A comparative study with the cathode of two percent nano ThO2 has been made on microstructure, starting characteristics and mechanical behavior. The results show that the microstructure, consisting of tungsten matrix with homogeneous dopants of ThO2 less than 200nm, is the same as the W 2%ThO2 cathode. The arc starting field for this cathode is lower than that of the reference cathode. Its work function is also correspondingly reduced. The differences between their mechanical behavior are not much.
A novel tungsten cathode material with six percents of nanoscale ThO2 used in arc plasma has been fabricated by Hot Pressing(HP) sintering. A comparative study with the cathode of two percent nano ThO2 has been made on microstructure, starting characteristics and mechanical behavior. The results show that the microstructure, consisting of tungsten matrix with homogeneous dopants of ThO2 less than 200nm, is the same as the W 2%ThO2 cathode. The arc starting field for this cathode is lower than that of the reference cathode. Its work function is also correspondingly reduced. The differences between their mechanical behavior are not much.
2003(2):81-86.
Abstract:
TiAl based alloys have an excellent potential because of their low density and good elevated temperature properties, but the chief roadblock to their application is poor room temperature ductility. This paper summarized influencing factors of room temperature ductility of TiAl based alloys and some research progress in improving room temperature ductility through adding alloy elements and varying process method which can control the microstructure of TiAl based alloys.
TiAl based alloys have an excellent potential because of their low density and good elevated temperature properties, but the chief roadblock to their application is poor room temperature ductility. This paper summarized influencing factors of room temperature ductility of TiAl based alloys and some research progress in improving room temperature ductility through adding alloy elements and varying process method which can control the microstructure of TiAl based alloys.
2003(2):87-90.
Abstract:
Using the modified analytical embedded atom method (MAEAM), the lattice dynamical properties of B2 FeAl alloy, including the lattice constant, formation heat, elastic constants, phonon dispersion curves, density of states, specific heat, Debye temperature and linear expansion coefficient, have been calculated. The results are compared with the experimental data, as well as with the existing theoretical calculations. The present calculated results are in good agreement with the experimental data and those calculated by others.
Using the modified analytical embedded atom method (MAEAM), the lattice dynamical properties of B2 FeAl alloy, including the lattice constant, formation heat, elastic constants, phonon dispersion curves, density of states, specific heat, Debye temperature and linear expansion coefficient, have been calculated. The results are compared with the experimental data, as well as with the existing theoretical calculations. The present calculated results are in good agreement with the experimental data and those calculated by others.
2003(2):91-94.
Abstract:
研究了Zr0.8Ti0.2(Ni0.6Mn0.2V0.2Cr0.05)x(x=1.8～2.4)贮氢合金中化学计量x对晶体结构和电化学性能的影响.结果表明随着x值的增大,合金中C14相含量逐渐减少,C15相含量逐渐增加,C14和C15相的晶格常数均线性减小;随着x值的增大,合金电极的活化性能提高,高倍率放电性能和放电容量均先升高,至x=2.2时达到最大值(最大放电容量为370 mAh/g);超化学计量合金电极的循环寿命随x值的增大而降低,但当x＜2.2时,经充放电循环500次以后容量保持率仍在80%左右.当化学计量值x等于2.2时,合金电极的综合电化学性能最好.
研究了Zr0.8Ti0.2(Ni0.6Mn0.2V0.2Cr0.05)x(x=1.8～2.4)贮氢合金中化学计量x对晶体结构和电化学性能的影响.结果表明随着x值的增大,合金中C14相含量逐渐减少,C15相含量逐渐增加,C14和C15相的晶格常数均线性减小;随着x值的增大,合金电极的活化性能提高,高倍率放电性能和放电容量均先升高,至x=2.2时达到最大值(最大放电容量为370 mAh/g);超化学计量合金电极的循环寿命随x值的增大而降低,但当x＜2.2时,经充放电循环500次以后容量保持率仍在80%左右.当化学计量值x等于2.2时,合金电极的综合电化学性能最好.
2003(2):95-98.
Abstract:
利用透射电镜在室温变形的γ-TiAl基合金中研究了一种新的形变孪晶与α2片的交截机制.选区电子衍射和矩阵分析结果表明γ基体中的形变孪晶切过α2片时,如果形变孪晶的宽度与α2片宽度相当,则α2片可以通过K1={3031},η1=1/18<10 16>的孪生机制来协调形变孪晶产生的切变.由于α2片与γ基体之间存在(0001)α2∥{111}γ,<1120>α2∥<011>γ的晶体位向关系,α2片的1/18<10 16>{3031}切变矢量等价于形变孪晶的切变矢量1/6<112]{111},因此形变孪晶产生的切变可完整地切过α2片而不需要交截区附近γ基体中其它滑移系或孪晶系开动来辅助协调变形.
利用透射电镜在室温变形的γ-TiAl基合金中研究了一种新的形变孪晶与α2片的交截机制.选区电子衍射和矩阵分析结果表明γ基体中的形变孪晶切过α2片时,如果形变孪晶的宽度与α2片宽度相当,则α2片可以通过K1={3031},η1=1/18<10 16>的孪生机制来协调形变孪晶产生的切变.由于α2片与γ基体之间存在(0001)α2∥{111}γ,<1120>α2∥<011>γ的晶体位向关系,α2片的1/18<10 16>{3031}切变矢量等价于形变孪晶的切变矢量1/6<112]{111},因此形变孪晶产生的切变可完整地切过α2片而不需要交截区附近γ基体中其它滑移系或孪晶系开动来辅助协调变形.
2003(2):99-102.
Abstract:
The rate equations for particle produce, transport, and reaction with target surface, and sputtering peeling of ion and neutral particles with high energy are established. After these equations coupling up and taking account of other calculations, such as energy distribution functions, macroscopic flow velocity of gas, etc., the relation curves between sputtering rate and inlet flow of reaction gas for different discharge current are obtained. and the advantages of this analysis method are also discussed in the paper.
The rate equations for particle produce, transport, and reaction with target surface, and sputtering peeling of ion and neutral particles with high energy are established. After these equations coupling up and taking account of other calculations, such as energy distribution functions, macroscopic flow velocity of gas, etc., the relation curves between sputtering rate and inlet flow of reaction gas for different discharge current are obtained. and the advantages of this analysis method are also discussed in the paper.
2003(2):103-107.
Abstract:
Ni-20Cr-10Mo-10Co高温合金是一种以碳化物为主要强化相的铸造高温合金。合金的晶粒尺寸和枝晶间距，随着模壳温度的降低而减小，在使用温度为800℃时合金中碳化物的类型发生变化。另外，实验发现随着模壳温度的降低，合金在800℃，165MPa时的持久寿命和蠕变性能都得到改善，持久拉伸试样为穿妥理断口，表明这种材料的等强温度在800℃以上，所以晶粒、枝晶的细化有利于高温力学性能的提高。
Ni-20Cr-10Mo-10Co高温合金是一种以碳化物为主要强化相的铸造高温合金。合金的晶粒尺寸和枝晶间距，随着模壳温度的降低而减小，在使用温度为800℃时合金中碳化物的类型发生变化。另外，实验发现随着模壳温度的降低，合金在800℃，165MPa时的持久寿命和蠕变性能都得到改善，持久拉伸试样为穿妥理断口，表明这种材料的等强温度在800℃以上，所以晶粒、枝晶的细化有利于高温力学性能的提高。
2003(2):108-112.
Abstract:
Based on the activity coefficient calculation module, the saturated pressures of Ti, Al and Nb elements in molten Ti-13Al-29Nb-2.5Mo (mass fraction) at different melting temperatures were calculated. The saturated pressure of element Al in the melting temperature is as big as 17 and 3 070 times of those of Ti and Nb elements respectively. The mass loss rates of Al, Ti, Nb in the melt during the process were also calculated. The mass loss rate of Al is as big as 43 and 144 times of those of Ti, Nb. Based on the evaporation loss rate, the evaporation loss quantity of the elements and the alloy chemical composition after the ISM process was also calculated. Because the mass loss rates of Al, Ti and Nb are different, the ultimate alloy chemical composition deviated from its original composition after the melting process. Analysis shows that properly decreasing the melting temperature and/or increasing the chamber pressure can decrease the composition deviation. This article will give some valuable guidance to the alloy composition controlling during ISM process.
Based on the activity coefficient calculation module, the saturated pressures of Ti, Al and Nb elements in molten Ti-13Al-29Nb-2.5Mo (mass fraction) at different melting temperatures were calculated. The saturated pressure of element Al in the melting temperature is as big as 17 and 3 070 times of those of Ti and Nb elements respectively. The mass loss rates of Al, Ti, Nb in the melt during the process were also calculated. The mass loss rate of Al is as big as 43 and 144 times of those of Ti, Nb. Based on the evaporation loss rate, the evaporation loss quantity of the elements and the alloy chemical composition after the ISM process was also calculated. Because the mass loss rates of Al, Ti and Nb are different, the ultimate alloy chemical composition deviated from its original composition after the melting process. Analysis shows that properly decreasing the melting temperature and/or increasing the chamber pressure can decrease the composition deviation. This article will give some valuable guidance to the alloy composition controlling during ISM process.
2003(2):113-116.
Abstract:
选用几种V－Cr-Ti-Al-Si合金，采用气相渗氢法改变合金中的氢含量，利用拉伸试验和扫描电镜（SEM）分析了合金的力学性能和断裂特征，探讨了氢的影响。研究结果表明：钒合金的高温氧化符合幂指数增重规律，氧化速率与气氛中的氧含量成正比；大多数钒合金对氢脆敏感，相对而言，V4Ti合金表现出较强的抗氢脆能力，在113μg/g氢时，其拉伸延伸率大约为10％。
选用几种V－Cr-Ti-Al-Si合金，采用气相渗氢法改变合金中的氢含量，利用拉伸试验和扫描电镜（SEM）分析了合金的力学性能和断裂特征，探讨了氢的影响。研究结果表明：钒合金的高温氧化符合幂指数增重规律，氧化速率与气氛中的氧含量成正比；大多数钒合金对氢脆敏感，相对而言，V4Ti合金表现出较强的抗氢脆能力，在113μg/g氢时，其拉伸延伸率大约为10％。
2003(2):117-120.
Abstract:
计算了Ti40合金在不同应力、不同温度下的稳态蠕变速率、应力指数及在460℃－540℃范围内蠕变激活能Q＝94.0kJ/mol，并以此基础上研究了其蠕变强化机制。实验结果表明：该合金在此温度范围内的蠕变受位错和扩散双重机制控制，晶界移动对蠕变也有一定的贡献。在目前实验条件下，Ti40合金在620℃蠕变性能较差。
计算了Ti40合金在不同应力、不同温度下的稳态蠕变速率、应力指数及在460℃－540℃范围内蠕变激活能Q＝94.0kJ/mol，并以此基础上研究了其蠕变强化机制。实验结果表明：该合金在此温度范围内的蠕变受位错和扩散双重机制控制，晶界移动对蠕变也有一定的贡献。在目前实验条件下，Ti40合金在620℃蠕变性能较差。
2003(2):121-125.
Abstract:
以Cr-Si-Ni合金粉末为原料，利用激光熔炼／快速凝固材料制备技术，制得了由金属硅化物Cr3Si及少量镍基固溶体γ组成的新型快速凝固γ/Cr3Si金属硅化物“原位”复合材料，该γ/Cr3Si金属硅化物“原位”复合材料显微组织由快速凝固初生Cr3Si树枝晶及枝晶间少量镍基固溶体γ/Cr3Si共晶组织组成。Cr3Si金属硅化物初生树枝晶体积分数随镍含量增加而减少，枝晶间γ/Cr3Si共晶组织体积分数随镍含量增加而增加。该激光熔炼／快速凝固γ/Cr3Si金属硅化物“原位”复合材料具有很高的硬度，并由于组合中韧性相镍基固溶体的存在及其细小均匀的快速凝固组织特征，而可望具有优良的强韧性配合。
以Cr-Si-Ni合金粉末为原料，利用激光熔炼／快速凝固材料制备技术，制得了由金属硅化物Cr3Si及少量镍基固溶体γ组成的新型快速凝固γ/Cr3Si金属硅化物“原位”复合材料，该γ/Cr3Si金属硅化物“原位”复合材料显微组织由快速凝固初生Cr3Si树枝晶及枝晶间少量镍基固溶体γ/Cr3Si共晶组织组成。Cr3Si金属硅化物初生树枝晶体积分数随镍含量增加而减少，枝晶间γ/Cr3Si共晶组织体积分数随镍含量增加而增加。该激光熔炼／快速凝固γ/Cr3Si金属硅化物“原位”复合材料具有很高的硬度，并由于组合中韧性相镍基固溶体的存在及其细小均匀的快速凝固组织特征，而可望具有优良的强韧性配合。
2003(2):126-129.
Abstract:
The Effect of aging treatment on mechanical properties, electrical conductivity and microstructure of the alloy Cu Zn Cr were studied. The results show that the aging process of the alloy after solution treatment and cold deformation was controlled by both precipitation of the supersaturated solid solution and recrystallization of the matrix. The high strength comes from strain hardening and precipitation strengthening of the precipitated chromium particles. And the high electroconductivity is mainly due to the composition close to Cu Zn solid solution matrix after precipitation.
The Effect of aging treatment on mechanical properties, electrical conductivity and microstructure of the alloy Cu Zn Cr were studied. The results show that the aging process of the alloy after solution treatment and cold deformation was controlled by both precipitation of the supersaturated solid solution and recrystallization of the matrix. The high strength comes from strain hardening and precipitation strengthening of the precipitated chromium particles. And the high electroconductivity is mainly due to the composition close to Cu Zn solid solution matrix after precipitation.
2003(2):130-133.
Abstract:
A deep yellow-color molybdate conversion coating on LY12 aluminum alloy surface was obtained by immersion process. The experimental results showed that the treating process was simple and the speed of formation of the coatings was fast, and the corrosion resistance of aluminum alloy greatly increased. The treated sample had a good pitting corrosion resistance in 3.5%NaCl solution. SEM experimental results show that the conversion coatings consist of spherical particles differing in size. XPS analysis indicates that the composition of outer layer of the coatings consist of MoO2 and a spot of MoO3.The molybdenum exist in the inner layer of conversion coating in the form of tetravalent status. The mechanisms of coatings formation and corrosion resistance are discussed.
A deep yellow-color molybdate conversion coating on LY12 aluminum alloy surface was obtained by immersion process. The experimental results showed that the treating process was simple and the speed of formation of the coatings was fast, and the corrosion resistance of aluminum alloy greatly increased. The treated sample had a good pitting corrosion resistance in 3.5%NaCl solution. SEM experimental results show that the conversion coatings consist of spherical particles differing in size. XPS analysis indicates that the composition of outer layer of the coatings consist of MoO2 and a spot of MoO3.The molybdenum exist in the inner layer of conversion coating in the form of tetravalent status. The mechanisms of coatings formation and corrosion resistance are discussed.
2003(2):134-136.
Abstract:
Spinel LiMn2O4 samples were prepared by melt-impregnation method. The effects of synthesis conditions on the electrochemical properties and crystal framework were investigated extensively. The results show that the reactive time in the second process affects the structure and electrochemical properties. The capacity decreases with prolonging reactive time. The optimum LiMn2O4 possesses an initial discharge capacity of 132.4mAh/g and good rechargeability. No remarkable loss of capacity was observed even after 50 cycles.
Spinel LiMn2O4 samples were prepared by melt-impregnation method. The effects of synthesis conditions on the electrochemical properties and crystal framework were investigated extensively. The results show that the reactive time in the second process affects the structure and electrochemical properties. The capacity decreases with prolonging reactive time. The optimum LiMn2O4 possesses an initial discharge capacity of 132.4mAh/g and good rechargeability. No remarkable loss of capacity was observed even after 50 cycles.
2003(2):137-140.
Abstract:
Porous network of weakly crystallized sodium titanate gel layer was formed on the surface of titanium alloys (Ti6Al4V) after treated by NaOH alkali solution. The pore size increases with the alkali concentration and treating time. The sodium titanate gel layer can induce the deposition of octacalcium phosphate and /or apatite orientated along (002) plane from the fast calcification solution, and bone like apatite layer from the simulated body fluid without orientation. The two factors responsible for the composition and depositing speed of the softly compounded calcium phosphate layer on alkali treated titanium alloy are the alkali treatment conditions and the ion species, their concentrations and the pH value of the calcium phosphate solution.
Porous network of weakly crystallized sodium titanate gel layer was formed on the surface of titanium alloys (Ti6Al4V) after treated by NaOH alkali solution. The pore size increases with the alkali concentration and treating time. The sodium titanate gel layer can induce the deposition of octacalcium phosphate and /or apatite orientated along (002) plane from the fast calcification solution, and bone like apatite layer from the simulated body fluid without orientation. The two factors responsible for the composition and depositing speed of the softly compounded calcium phosphate layer on alkali treated titanium alloy are the alkali treatment conditions and the ion species, their concentrations and the pH value of the calcium phosphate solution.
2003(2):141-143.
Abstract:
通过真空热压烧结制备了W－6％ThO2和W－2％ThO2纳米复合阴极材料，分析表明两者的显微组织类似，纳米ThO2较均匀分布在W基体上；前者的起弧电场强度低于后者，逸出功也相应降低；两者的机械性能相差不大。
通过真空热压烧结制备了W－6％ThO2和W－2％ThO2纳米复合阴极材料，分析表明两者的显微组织类似，纳米ThO2较均匀分布在W基体上；前者的起弧电场强度低于后者，逸出功也相应降低；两者的机械性能相差不大。
18 Application of Net-shape Cathode Glow Discharging on the Surface of Titanium Alloy by Tantalizing
2003(2):148-150.
Abstract:
A new net-shape cathode sputtering target which has a simple structure and a high sputtering rate was put forward. The multiple-structure made of alloying and coating layers of tantalum was achieved on the surface of TC4 by using this method in double glow surface alloying process. The tantalized samples were investigated by SEM ,XRD and electrochemical corrosion method .
A new net-shape cathode sputtering target which has a simple structure and a high sputtering rate was put forward. The multiple-structure made of alloying and coating layers of tantalum was achieved on the surface of TC4 by using this method in double glow surface alloying process. The tantalized samples were investigated by SEM ,XRD and electrochemical corrosion method .
2003(2):151-153.
Abstract:
A glass ceramic coating used for the protection of Ti alloy from oxidation during heat treatment and working process has been successfully developed. The coating is an aqueous suspension consisted of boric aluminium silicate glass powder, organic stick agent and solvent of water. Protective mechanism and designed principle of coating has been discussed. Oxidation behavior of Ti alloy coated the glass ceramics coating during heating process has been analyzed by means of EDS and heat scale.The results show that titanium alloys can be protected well against oxidation by the glass ceramic coating during heat treatment process.
A glass ceramic coating used for the protection of Ti alloy from oxidation during heat treatment and working process has been successfully developed. The coating is an aqueous suspension consisted of boric aluminium silicate glass powder, organic stick agent and solvent of water. Protective mechanism and designed principle of coating has been discussed. Oxidation behavior of Ti alloy coated the glass ceramics coating during heating process has been analyzed by means of EDS and heat scale.The results show that titanium alloys can be protected well against oxidation by the glass ceramic coating during heat treatment process.
2003(2):154-156.
Abstract:
Metal beryllium and joints containing Be strongly adsorbed C, O and were seriously oxidized even in superhigh-vacuum atmosphere. So pretreatment of Be matrix and control of bonding atmosphere are significantly important and directly determine if the bonding joints of Be with HR 1 stainless steel are successful and available in bonding Be with other material.
Metal beryllium and joints containing Be strongly adsorbed C, O and were seriously oxidized even in superhigh-vacuum atmosphere. So pretreatment of Be matrix and control of bonding atmosphere are significantly important and directly determine if the bonding joints of Be with HR 1 stainless steel are successful and available in bonding Be with other material.
2003(2):157-159.
Abstract:
The present paper deals with the design principle of the iron nitride magnetic static sealing device , analyzes the bearing pressure ability and experiment, and states the success of the magnetic fluid safety valve for sealing and the testing results of the functional parameters.
The present paper deals with the design principle of the iron nitride magnetic static sealing device , analyzes the bearing pressure ability and experiment, and states the success of the magnetic fluid safety valve for sealing and the testing results of the functional parameters.
