Volume 0,Issue 5,2003 Table of Contents
2003(5):321-325.
Abstract:
The electrochemical property of zir caloys is one of the most important fa ctors that affect the safe function o f nuclear reactor.To systematically study the influence of irradiation damage on the electro chemical property of zircaloys and g rope for the new way to improve it,the survey of effects of irradiation-in-pile on the electrochemical pro perty of zircaloys is offered,and th e mechanism of irradiation damage in piles is studied.Influence of neutr on irradiation,one main irradiatio n,on the microstructure and oxidation property of zircaloys,is empha-sized.The method of simulation of neutron irradiation in piles by ion bom bardment out of piles,is characterized by short time,low expense and no pollution.The development of this method is further described,an d the means how to choose parameters o f ion bombardment tests is more deeply analyzed.
The electrochemical property of zir caloys is one of the most important fa ctors that affect the safe function o f nuclear reactor.To systematically study the influence of irradiation damage on the electro chemical property of zircaloys and g rope for the new way to improve it,the survey of effects of irradiation-in-pile on the electrochemical pro perty of zircaloys is offered,and th e mechanism of irradiation damage in piles is studied.Influence of neutr on irradiation,one main irradiatio n,on the microstructure and oxidation property of zircaloys,is empha-sized.The method of simulation of neutron irradiation in piles by ion bom bardment out of piles,is characterized by short time,low expense and no pollution.The development of this method is further described,an d the means how to choose parameters o f ion bombardment tests is more deeply analyzed.
2003(5):326-329.
Abstract:
By considering the coupled thermo -mechanical relations between temperature and deforming,a numerical sim ulation of the special long forging for 1420Al -Li alloy dur ing inverted extrusion was done by using rigid visco-plastic finite elem ent method in this paper.The relations between total load and the displacement,the distribution of s tress,strain,temperature and stra in rates during forging,which can provide useful information for the p rocess design,were gained.
By considering the coupled thermo -mechanical relations between temperature and deforming,a numerical sim ulation of the special long forging for 1420Al -Li alloy dur ing inverted extrusion was done by using rigid visco-plastic finite elem ent method in this paper.The relations between total load and the displacement,the distribution of s tress,strain,temperature and stra in rates during forging,which can provide useful information for the p rocess design,were gained.
2003(5):330-334.
Abstract:
提出了一种送粉激光熔覆中熔覆层表面形状及厚度的计算模型。将熔覆过程中固相区、两相区和液相区作为一连续介质，用非稳态固液相变统一模型来描述其流场与温度场，并采用固定网格移动坐标来处理带移动热源的流动与传热问题。能量方程用显焓表示，有关潜热的非稳态项与对流项均做为其源项处理。用Lambert—Beer定理和米氏理论计算粉末流与激光光束的相互作用，使模拟适用于送粉浓度较大的情形。数值模拟程序是在流体动力学软件PHOENICS基础上，通过添加源项、边界条件、熔覆层轨迹计算以及激光束和粉末流相互作用等相应模块实现。对钢基底上熔覆钴基合金Stellite6进行模拟所得到的计算结果与实验结果基本一致。
提出了一种送粉激光熔覆中熔覆层表面形状及厚度的计算模型。将熔覆过程中固相区、两相区和液相区作为一连续介质，用非稳态固液相变统一模型来描述其流场与温度场，并采用固定网格移动坐标来处理带移动热源的流动与传热问题。能量方程用显焓表示，有关潜热的非稳态项与对流项均做为其源项处理。用Lambert—Beer定理和米氏理论计算粉末流与激光光束的相互作用，使模拟适用于送粉浓度较大的情形。数值模拟程序是在流体动力学软件PHOENICS基础上，通过添加源项、边界条件、熔覆层轨迹计算以及激光束和粉末流相互作用等相应模块实现。对钢基底上熔覆钴基合金Stellite6进行模拟所得到的计算结果与实验结果基本一致。
2003(5):335-338.
Abstract:
The influence of loading method(such as static loading,cyclic loadi ng,dynamic loading)on fatigue behaviour of Si 3 N 4 material was studied systemly.The results sh ow that the stress corrosion index(n)is different,for example,the n of the static loading is the highest,and that in cyclic loading is the lowe st.The extra defeature of material l ed by loading was also analysized.
The influence of loading method(such as static loading,cyclic loadi ng,dynamic loading)on fatigue behaviour of Si 3 N 4 material was studied systemly.The results sh ow that the stress corrosion index(n)is different,for example,the n of the static loading is the highest,and that in cyclic loading is the lowe st.The extra defeature of material l ed by loading was also analysized.
2003(5):339-343.
Abstract:
在工作气压为0．80Pa的氧氩气混合气氛下，改变氧与氩的流量比(O2／Ar：0．10，0．20，0．30)，在预先镀10nm左右SiO2的普通玻璃基片上用直流(D．C．)磁控溅射法制备了300nm左右的TiO2薄膜试样。离线在500℃、氧气氛下对试样热处理2h。用X射线光电子能谱(XPS)和X射线衍射仪(XRD)分别研究了试样热处理前后的表面元素组成、离子状态和物相组成，用接触角分析仪测试了试样在紫外光(UV)照射后的水润湿角。
在工作气压为0．80Pa的氧氩气混合气氛下，改变氧与氩的流量比(O2／Ar：0．10，0．20，0．30)，在预先镀10nm左右SiO2的普通玻璃基片上用直流(D．C．)磁控溅射法制备了300nm左右的TiO2薄膜试样。离线在500℃、氧气氛下对试样热处理2h。用X射线光电子能谱(XPS)和X射线衍射仪(XRD)分别研究了试样热处理前后的表面元素组成、离子状态和物相组成，用接触角分析仪测试了试样在紫外光(UV)照射后的水润湿角。
2003(5):344-347.
Abstract:
采用悬浮真空熔炼和800℃,168h真空退火方法制备了含稀土Sm的FeSi2基金属硅化物,并对其晶体结构、See-beck系数、电阻率进行了初步研究。实验发现,名义组成为Fe0.6Sm0.4Si2的试样的热电功率因子从室温时的0.26×10-4W·m-1K-2随温度上升到500℃时的1.6×10-4W·m-1K-2,比不含Sm或含Sm量很少的对比试样高一个数量级左右。其原因被认为是由于Sm的外层4f电子的贡献。
采用悬浮真空熔炼和800℃,168h真空退火方法制备了含稀土Sm的FeSi2基金属硅化物,并对其晶体结构、See-beck系数、电阻率进行了初步研究。实验发现,名义组成为Fe0.6Sm0.4Si2的试样的热电功率因子从室温时的0.26×10-4W·m-1K-2随温度上升到500℃时的1.6×10-4W·m-1K-2,比不含Sm或含Sm量很少的对比试样高一个数量级左右。其原因被认为是由于Sm的外层4f电子的贡献。
Xu Lina
,
Zhou Kaichang
,
Zhai Ya
,
Zhang Xueyun
,
Ou Danlin Liu Chunping
,
Gu Ning
,
Zhang Haiqian
,
Liu Juzheng
2003(5):348-351.
Abstract:
基于溶液/氧化铝界面的自催化氧化-还原反应,实现了金属镍在氧化铝粉末表面上的快速化学沉积,制备了氧化铝颗粒表面包覆镍层的微粉产物。用X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、剖面金相显微分析和傅立叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)综合表征了产物的形貌及结构。镍金属壳层由纳米级大小的晶体镍颗粒组成,厚度为2μm左右。镍包氧化铝产物具有类似于金属镍的导电性和磁学特性,其压片电阻率近似为零;饱和磁化强度(Ms)为39.6A·m2·kg-1,剩余磁化强度(Mr)6.0A·m2·kg-1,矫顽力(Hc)为6336A/m。
基于溶液/氧化铝界面的自催化氧化-还原反应,实现了金属镍在氧化铝粉末表面上的快速化学沉积,制备了氧化铝颗粒表面包覆镍层的微粉产物。用X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、剖面金相显微分析和傅立叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)综合表征了产物的形貌及结构。镍金属壳层由纳米级大小的晶体镍颗粒组成,厚度为2μm左右。镍包氧化铝产物具有类似于金属镍的导电性和磁学特性,其压片电阻率近似为零;饱和磁化强度(Ms)为39.6A·m2·kg-1,剩余磁化强度(Mr)6.0A·m2·kg-1,矫顽力(Hc)为6336A/m。
2003(5):352-356.
Abstract:
用挤压铸造方法制备Mullite／Al—Cu复合材料及其基体合金。用硬度测试(HB)、差示扫描量热仪(DSC)和透射电镜(TEM)等手段，研究了温度和溶质原子浓度对复合材料及其基体合金时效行为的影响。结果表明：复合材料和基体合金具有相似的时效硬化曲线及相同的时效析出序列，随时效温度的升高，峰值硬度降低、析出过程加快；溶质浓度升高，峰值硬度升高、析出过程同样得到加快；纤维除了能明显提高Al—Cu合金的时效硬度外，还能加速其时效析出过程，但对GP区的形成具有明显的抑制作用，而对θ相的析出影响不大。
用挤压铸造方法制备Mullite／Al—Cu复合材料及其基体合金。用硬度测试(HB)、差示扫描量热仪(DSC)和透射电镜(TEM)等手段，研究了温度和溶质原子浓度对复合材料及其基体合金时效行为的影响。结果表明：复合材料和基体合金具有相似的时效硬化曲线及相同的时效析出序列，随时效温度的升高，峰值硬度降低、析出过程加快；溶质浓度升高，峰值硬度升高、析出过程同样得到加快；纤维除了能明显提高Al—Cu合金的时效硬度外，还能加速其时效析出过程，但对GP区的形成具有明显的抑制作用，而对θ相的析出影响不大。
2003(5):357-360.
Abstract:
In order to obtain dual metal slab,mi xing flow of molten metals in a mold wa s controlled by imposing a static ele ctromagnetic field from the outside of the mold,and the d ual metal slab which has different pr operties in its two sides was continu ally cast by pouring two dif-ferent molten alloys,Sn and Sn +Pb,a t the same time.The results of numerical simulation show that electromag netic force acts on flow of melt in a certain height range of the mold,and the effect of magnetic field on the flow of the melt is different at different area of the mold;When magnetic flux density B is 0.2T,the flow of the melt at exit of the nozzle is strongly suppressed,d epth of jet is decreased,so when B is more than 0.2T,ideal brake effect is achieved.
In order to obtain dual metal slab,mi xing flow of molten metals in a mold wa s controlled by imposing a static ele ctromagnetic field from the outside of the mold,and the d ual metal slab which has different pr operties in its two sides was continu ally cast by pouring two dif-ferent molten alloys,Sn and Sn +Pb,a t the same time.The results of numerical simulation show that electromag netic force acts on flow of melt in a certain height range of the mold,and the effect of magnetic field on the flow of the melt is different at different area of the mold;When magnetic flux density B is 0.2T,the flow of the melt at exit of the nozzle is strongly suppressed,d epth of jet is decreased,so when B is more than 0.2T,ideal brake effect is achieved.
2003(5):361-363.
Abstract:
The magnetic properties and structu res of sputtered and annealed TbCo th in films have been studied.The resul ts show that the film will be changed from the amorphous to the polycrystalline,a nd oriented with(100)plane.The contents of Tb and Co for the film are not almost changed after vacuum annealing,and a change of the easy axis of the film from out-of-plane to in-plane is found.
The magnetic properties and structu res of sputtered and annealed TbCo th in films have been studied.The resul ts show that the film will be changed from the amorphous to the polycrystalline,a nd oriented with(100)plane.The contents of Tb and Co for the film are not almost changed after vacuum annealing,and a change of the easy axis of the film from out-of-plane to in-plane is found.
2003(5):367-371.
Abstract:
A novel rapidly solidified Ti 5 Si 3 /NiTi intermetallic composite coating was fabricated on substrate of a t itanium alloy BT9by laser cladding using the Ni-14Ti-6Si allo y powders.Microstructure of the coa ting was characterized by OM,SEM,XR D and EDS.Wear resistance of the coating was tested under dry sliding wear condition at room tempera ture.The results indicate that the l aser clad intermetallic composite coating has a homogeneous rapidly so lidified microstructure consistin g of Ti 5 Si 3 primary particles uniformly distributed in the NiTi matrix,and is metallurgically bonded to the titanium substrate.The laser clad inte rmetallic composite coating has hig h hardness and excellent wear re-sistance under dry sliding wear test condition.The excellent wear resis tance of the laser clad Ti 5 Si 3 /NiTi intermetallic composite coating is attributed to the high hardness and s trong atomic bonding of the reinforc ing Ti 5 Si 3 phase and to the strain-induced martensite transformation of the NiTi intermetallic matrix.
A novel rapidly solidified Ti 5 Si 3 /NiTi intermetallic composite coating was fabricated on substrate of a t itanium alloy BT9by laser cladding using the Ni-14Ti-6Si allo y powders.Microstructure of the coa ting was characterized by OM,SEM,XR D and EDS.Wear resistance of the coating was tested under dry sliding wear condition at room tempera ture.The results indicate that the l aser clad intermetallic composite coating has a homogeneous rapidly so lidified microstructure consistin g of Ti 5 Si 3 primary particles uniformly distributed in the NiTi matrix,and is metallurgically bonded to the titanium substrate.The laser clad inte rmetallic composite coating has hig h hardness and excellent wear re-sistance under dry sliding wear test condition.The excellent wear resis tance of the laser clad Ti 5 Si 3 /NiTi intermetallic composite coating is attributed to the high hardness and s trong atomic bonding of the reinforc ing Ti 5 Si 3 phase and to the strain-induced martensite transformation of the NiTi intermetallic matrix.
2003(5):372-374.
Abstract:
研究了多向反复锻造对7075铝合金显微组织的细化作用。结果表明，经多向反复热锻，7075铝合金的晶粒尺寸可以减小到2μm以下，并具有良好的热稳定性。淬火时效后，在强度与常规状态相当的情况下，拉伸伸长率可达18％。
研究了多向反复锻造对7075铝合金显微组织的细化作用。结果表明，经多向反复热锻，7075铝合金的晶粒尺寸可以减小到2μm以下，并具有良好的热稳定性。淬火时效后，在强度与常规状态相当的情况下，拉伸伸长率可达18％。
2003(5):375-378.
Abstract:
选择了1种SiO2-MgO-Al2O3-K2O-CaO-P2O5-F体系玻璃成分，制备了不同ZnO添加量的齿科渗透陶瓷用可切削生物微晶玻璃。结果表明，添加9％的ZnO，可使母玻璃的熔化澄清温度降至1300℃，降低了干压成型的纳米α—氧化铝多孔坯体的玻璃渗透温度；晶化后的微晶玻璃呈现出独特的球状组织特征，析出相主要为云母、氟磷灰石、假蓝宝石和辉石相等。该体系微晶玻璃兼具良好的切削性能和较高的抗弯强度。
选择了1种SiO2-MgO-Al2O3-K2O-CaO-P2O5-F体系玻璃成分，制备了不同ZnO添加量的齿科渗透陶瓷用可切削生物微晶玻璃。结果表明，添加9％的ZnO，可使母玻璃的熔化澄清温度降至1300℃，降低了干压成型的纳米α—氧化铝多孔坯体的玻璃渗透温度；晶化后的微晶玻璃呈现出独特的球状组织特征，析出相主要为云母、氟磷灰石、假蓝宝石和辉石相等。该体系微晶玻璃兼具良好的切削性能和较高的抗弯强度。
Zhang Xiyan
,
Bai Zhaohui
,
Guan Xin
,
Wang Xiaochun
,
Wang Weizhong
,
Sun Hongzhi
,
Cao Zhifeng
,
Du Jinxiu
,
Guo Yu
2003(5):379-382.
Abstract:
A long persistent phosphorescence S rAl 2 O 4 :Eu 2+ ,Dy 3+ phosphor powder was prepared by high temperature solid state reaction in a reducing atmosphere.XRD research o n its structure indicates that all th e synthestized aluminate is SrAl 2 O 4 crystal.The study of SrAl 2 O 4 :Eu 2+ ,Dy 3+ spetra indicates that the luminescence spectra of SrAl 2 O 4 :Eu 2+ ,Dy 3+ is the broad band spectra peaking at 520nm,and the ex-citation spectrum ranges from 300nm to 500nm.The measurement of the phosphorescence shows that the persiste nt time of the phosphores-cence lasts more than 12hours.The re sistance of SrAl_2O_4:Eu~(2+),Dy~(3+) to temperature and water was also stu died.
A long persistent phosphorescence S rAl 2 O 4 :Eu 2+ ,Dy 3+ phosphor powder was prepared by high temperature solid state reaction in a reducing atmosphere.XRD research o n its structure indicates that all th e synthestized aluminate is SrAl 2 O 4 crystal.The study of SrAl 2 O 4 :Eu 2+ ,Dy 3+ spetra indicates that the luminescence spectra of SrAl 2 O 4 :Eu 2+ ,Dy 3+ is the broad band spectra peaking at 520nm,and the ex-citation spectrum ranges from 300nm to 500nm.The measurement of the phosphorescence shows that the persiste nt time of the phosphores-cence lasts more than 12hours.The re sistance of SrAl_2O_4:Eu~(2+),Dy~(3+) to temperature and water was also stu died.
2003(5):383-386.
Abstract:
通过让氢气流经氘化钯床，在床出口端间隔取样分析的方法，研究了室温(～22℃)下钯床排代回收和装载氘的性能。结果表明，气—固相间的氢、氘交换过程可以采用塔板模型进行描述；22℃下钯具有较大的氢同位素交换速率，氢(氘)的排代流速为1．8L／min时，回收率为80％的氘纯度可以达到99％，排代气量为钯床吸氢量的3．0倍时，氘的装载纯度可以达到99％。
通过让氢气流经氘化钯床，在床出口端间隔取样分析的方法，研究了室温(～22℃)下钯床排代回收和装载氘的性能。结果表明，气—固相间的氢、氘交换过程可以采用塔板模型进行描述；22℃下钯具有较大的氢同位素交换速率，氢(氘)的排代流速为1．8L／min时，回收率为80％的氘纯度可以达到99％，排代气量为钯床吸氢量的3．0倍时，氘的装载纯度可以达到99％。
2003(5):387-389.
Abstract:
Some initial researches on the laser cladding process of GdGd_5Si_2Ge_2/Gd compounds were made in this paper.Experiment results indicate that good metallurgical bonding can be obtained between the Gd_5Si_2Ge_2 alloy and Gd base;on the Gd base whose minimal thickness is not less than 1mm,the dilution of t he cladding can be kept about 10%.
Some initial researches on the laser cladding process of GdGd_5Si_2Ge_2/Gd compounds were made in this paper.Experiment results indicate that good metallurgical bonding can be obtained between the Gd_5Si_2Ge_2 alloy and Gd base;on the Gd base whose minimal thickness is not less than 1mm,the dilution of t he cladding can be kept about 10%.
2003(5):390-393.
Abstract:
采用变截面薄板试样，研究了4种氢含量对2种新型钛合金强度和塑性的影响。发现氢对Ti—2Al—2．5Zr强度的影响不大，却能较大幅度地提高Ti—4Al—2V的强度，增幅可达16％左右。氢含量升高使2种钛合金的断面收缩率下降：α β两相钛合金的氢脆敏感性在氢含量大于150μg／g后大于单相的α钛合金。认为钛合金氢致硬化主要来源于固溶的原子氢，而钛合金的氢脆主要来源于晶界析出的氢化物。
采用变截面薄板试样，研究了4种氢含量对2种新型钛合金强度和塑性的影响。发现氢对Ti—2Al—2．5Zr强度的影响不大，却能较大幅度地提高Ti—4Al—2V的强度，增幅可达16％左右。氢含量升高使2种钛合金的断面收缩率下降：α β两相钛合金的氢脆敏感性在氢含量大于150μg／g后大于单相的α钛合金。认为钛合金氢致硬化主要来源于固溶的原子氢，而钛合金的氢脆主要来源于晶界析出的氢化物。
2003(5):394-397.
Abstract:
A rapidly solidified Cr 2 Ni 3 Si /Cr 3 Si metal silicide composite coating was fabricated on an austenitic stainless steel substrate by laser cladding and using Cr-Si-Ni element al powder blend.The laser clad Cr 2 Ni 3 Si /Cr 3 Si metal silicide composite coating has a homogenous mi-crostructure consisting of Cr 3 Si primary dendrites and the interdendritic Cr 2 Ni 3 Si matrix,and is metallurgically bonded to the substrate.The volume fraction of primary Cr 3 Si dendrites has a remarkable influence on hardness and wear resistance o f the laser clad composite coating.T he higher the volume fraction of Cr 3 Si,the higher the hardness and the we ar resistance of the laser clad composite coating.Because of the presence of large amount of hard,wear and oxidation resistant primary Cr 3 Si dendrites,the laser clad Cr 2 Ni 3 Si /Cr 3 Si metal silicide composite coating has excellent high-tempera ture wear resistance under high-tem perature sliding wear test conditio ns.
A rapidly solidified Cr 2 Ni 3 Si /Cr 3 Si metal silicide composite coating was fabricated on an austenitic stainless steel substrate by laser cladding and using Cr-Si-Ni element al powder blend.The laser clad Cr 2 Ni 3 Si /Cr 3 Si metal silicide composite coating has a homogenous mi-crostructure consisting of Cr 3 Si primary dendrites and the interdendritic Cr 2 Ni 3 Si matrix,and is metallurgically bonded to the substrate.The volume fraction of primary Cr 3 Si dendrites has a remarkable influence on hardness and wear resistance o f the laser clad composite coating.T he higher the volume fraction of Cr 3 Si,the higher the hardness and the we ar resistance of the laser clad composite coating.Because of the presence of large amount of hard,wear and oxidation resistant primary Cr 3 Si dendrites,the laser clad Cr 2 Ni 3 Si /Cr 3 Si metal silicide composite coating has excellent high-tempera ture wear resistance under high-tem perature sliding wear test conditio ns.
2003(5):398-400.
Abstract:
According to clinical requirements for medical titanium alloys and flaw s existing in present medical titani um alloys,a new titanium alloy has been designed and prepared.Zr,Nb,Ta were selected for composing elements of the titanium alloy.Ti tanium alloy' s nominal composition is Ti-12.5Zr-2.5Nb-2.5Ta.Micrographs and mechanical pro perties of the new titanium alloy were analyzed and tested,the result shows that mechanical properties can meet design requirements.
According to clinical requirements for medical titanium alloys and flaw s existing in present medical titani um alloys,a new titanium alloy has been designed and prepared.Zr,Nb,Ta were selected for composing elements of the titanium alloy.Ti tanium alloy' s nominal composition is Ti-12.5Zr-2.5Nb-2.5Ta.Micrographs and mechanical pro perties of the new titanium alloy were analyzed and tested,the result shows that mechanical properties can meet design requirements.
