The resistance corrosion of zircaloy-4 by a shot peening treatment in autoclave steam at 673 K has been discussed with the oxide film component, topography, surface roughness, grain size and stress distribution according to XRD, SEM, AFM in this paper. It is found that the grain size decreases and the resistance corrosion is improved after the shot peening treatment for the zircaloy-4 alloy.