Micro-arc oxidation(MAO) and hydrothermal synthesis(HS) methods were used to prepare hydroxyapatite(HA)and anatase TiO₂ composite ceramic coating on the surface of conventional titanium and large plastic deformed titanium. The cellular compatibility of modified coating was evaluated by cytotoxicity experiment,cell proliferation assay and adhesion behavior of osteoblasts. The results demonstrated that: All samples were found to be noncytotoxic. Compared with the composite ceramic coating of conventional titanium, needle-like HA crystallization, which was closer to the Ca/P ratio of natural human bone, appeared on the surface of composite ceramic coating on large plastic deformed titanium. The composite ceramic coating of large plastic deformed titanium showed smoother and more level surface optimal and could better promote adhesion and spreading of osteoblasts.Optical density of osteoblasts cultured on the composite ceramic coating of large plastic deformed titanium was also significantly higher, and the two-tier growing structure of osteoblasts was more obvious with the progression of cultural time, which implied optimal cytocompatibility.