Directional solidification process of industrial gas turbine blades (IGTs) was studied based on temperature field and the microstructure was investigated by both simulation and experimental methods. Mathematical model of nonuniform meshes was built to compute temperature field, which improved the computation efficiency effectively. The evolvement rule of mushy zone was analyzed based on simulation results of temperature field. Interpolation algorithm and cellular automaton finite difference (CAFD) model were used to predict the microstructure growth of IGTs. Pouring experiments were carried out, and experiment results agree well with simulation results. Combining with electron backscattered diffraction (EBSD), some common defectsSofScastingsSwereSanalyzed, and theScorresponding preventionSmeasuresSwereSput forward. Primary dendrite arm space (PDAS) and secondary dendrite arm space (SDAS) were calculated considering the influence of solute diffusion and solidification rate, and dendrite morphology was observed by optical microscopy (OM). The results revealed that PDAS and SDAS changed in different transverse section of IGTs. The solidification characteristics of IGTs were studied through macro and micro perspective in order to provide help for industrial production.