Four kinds of multiphase refractory Nb-16Si-22Ti-2Cr-2Al-2Hf-xFe(x=0,1,2,3)alloys were prepared by vacuum arc melting. XRD analysis reveals that the composites consist of Nb solid solution(Nbss), intermetallics Nb₃Si and Nb₅Si₃ phase. The addition of Fe promotes the eutectic reaction L→Nbss+Nb₅Si₃, which changes the phases of alloy phases from Nbss + Nb₃Si to Nbss + Nb₅Si₃.The volume fraction of ductile phase Nbss increases with increasing of Fe addition, leading to the reduction of compressive strength. Meanwhile, temperature and strain rate also have important influence on compressive strength of the alloys. The addition of Fe element makes Nb-Si based superalloy have better high temperature plastic deformation ability, which is of great significance to improve the hot workability of Nb-Si alloy.