Nickel-based single crystal superalloys are composed of various elements, each of which has a unique strengthening effect. It is difficult to realize the rapid development of new alloys by traditional alloying design methods such as "trial and error" and phase diagram calculation. The relationship between composition, organization, technology and properties can be quickly obtained by "material genome engineering", which greatly improves the research and development rate of materials and reduces the production cost. The development trend of alloying design of Nickel-based single crystal superalloys is briefly described, including the application of new research technologies such as high throughput preparation and characterization technology and machine learning in alloying design. The ability of atom probe tomography (APT) to quantitatively study the content and distribution of elements in the microstructure of alloys is also expounded. It is expected that this paper can provide ideas for alloying design of Nickel-based single crystal superalloys.