In this paper, the effects of graphene and alloying element copper on the microstructure, hardness and tensile properties of titanium matrix composites were investigated. The results show that the intermetallic compound Ti2Cu phase is precipitated in the graphene oxide (GOs) and copper element (GO/Cu/TA1) reinforced titanium matrix composites prepared by spark plasma sintering (SPS) technology, and the TiC particles are in the crystal. Discontinuous distribution at the boundary. The tensile strength and yield strength of GO/Cu/TA1 composites were improved by 66% and 82% compared with pure TA1, while maintaining 17% elongation. The improvement of hardness and tensile properties can be attributed to the synergistic strengthening effect of TiC particles distributed at the interface and intermetallic compounds (Ti2Cu) distributed in the particles, which will provide a new design idea for the preparation of titanium matrix composites.