In this study, the effect of β forging process on microstructure morphology was studied by compressing test for TC17 alloy. The results show that the height reduction and the rate of deformation have a significant effect on the microstructure at the compression test. When the rate of deformation was low, the grain boundary α phase was easily broken. And the larger the deformation was, the easier grain boundary α phases were to be globularized, which have been severely broken. When the rate of deformation was high, the β grains were prone to dynamic recrystallization. And the larger the the deformation was, the higher the recrystallization volume fraction was. The Image Pro Plus software was used to estimate the globularizaion rate of grain boundary α phase and the volume fraction of β grain recrystallization. The results show that the grain boundary α phase could be globularized only in some strict conditions. The α phases were globularized only at the height reduction of 80% and deformation rate of 0.1 mm/s in this study. In addition, β grain recrystallization was more sensitive to the deformation rate, compared with the height reduction.