The multi-pass cold-rolled tests of TC16 titanium alloy sheets were produced. The effect of deformation on microstructures and mechanical properties of cold-rolled sheets were studied by optical microscope,scanning electron microscope and X-ray diffraction. The results show that the cold rolling of α + β two-phase TC16 titanium alloy sheets is feasible,and the limit cold deformation can reach 79% without any cracks on the surface. After large-scale cold rolling deformation,the TC16 titanium alloy microstructure becomes a uniformly distributed fibrous structure,and they are few incompletely deformed α grains,accompanied by strain-induced α″ martensitic phase. Meanwhile,the improvement of tensile strength and microhardness,and obvious cold deformation strengthening is obtained.